Exam question 1 · Aesop's Fables, The Lion, the Bear, and the Fox: a sly Fox…

Which party secured the kid after the contest between the Lion and the Bear was concluded?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: party · What happens: secure, conclude · To what, where: kid, Bear

This is exam question 1 of lesson 142 «Aesop's Fables, The Lion, the Bear, and the Fox: a sly Fox steals a kid while two beasts lie wounded» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 party	det
2	party	party	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 secured	nsubj
3	secured	secure	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 kid	det
5	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 secured	obj
6	after	after	ADP	_	8 contest	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 contest	det
8	contest	contest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 secured	obl
9	between	between	ADP	_	11 Lion	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Lion	det
11	Lion	Lion	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 contest	nmod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 concluded	cc
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Bear	det
14	Bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 concluded	nsubj:pass
15	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 concluded	aux:pass
16	concluded	conclude	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 secured	conj
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 secured	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	secure	past	which party	the kid			after the contest between the Lion		vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition kid=Theme
2	conclude	past · passive		the Bear					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The Fox, which grabbed it when both fighters had collapsed exhausted

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Fox	det
2	Fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 grabbed	punct
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 grabbed	nsubj
5	grabbed	grab	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 Fox	acl:relcl
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 grabbed	obj
7	when	when	SCONJ	_	11 collapsed	mark
8	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	9 fighters	det
9	fighters	fighter	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 collapsed	nsubj:pass
10	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 collapsed	aux
11	collapsed	collapse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 grabbed	advcl
12	exhausted	exhaust	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 collapsed	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	grab	past	the Fox	Fox	vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	collapse	past · perfect · passive		both fighters	tree rules
3	exhaust	participle			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The Fox, which seized it whilst both combatants were incapacitated

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Fox	det
2	Fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 incapacitated	nsubj:pass
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 seized	punct
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 seized	nsubj
5	seized	seize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 Fox	acl:relcl
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 seized	obj
7	whilst	whilst	SCONJ	_	9 combatants	case
8	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	9 combatants	det
9	combatants	combatant	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 seized	obl
10	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 incapacitated	aux:pass
11	incapacitated	incapacitate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	seize	past	the Fox	Fox				whilst both combatants	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	incapacitate	past · passive		the Fox					tree rules

Option 3

The Wolf, which took it while both fighters were resting

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Wolf	det
2	Wolf	Wolf	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 took	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 took	punct
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 took	nsubj
5	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 took	obj
7	while	while	SCONJ	_	11 resting	mark
8	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	9 fighters	det
9	fighters	fighter	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 resting	nsubj
10	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 resting	aux
11	resting	rest	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 took	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	past	the Wolf	it					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	rest	past · progressive	both fighters						vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

The Fox, which seized the kid the moment both combatants had become incapacitated by their wounds

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Fox	det
2	Fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 seized	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 seized	punct
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 seized	nsubj
5	seized	seize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 kid	det
7	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 seized	obj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 moment	det
9	moment	moment	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 seized	obl:unmarked
10	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	11 combatants	det
11	combatants	combatant	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 become	nsubj
12	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 become	aux
13	become	become	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 seized	parataxis
14	incapacitated	incapacitate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 become	xcomp
15	by	by	ADP	_	17 wounds	case
16	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 wounds	nmod:poss
17	wounds	wound	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 incapacitated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	seize	past	the Fox	the kid	moment		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kid=Theme
2	become	past · perfect	both combatants				tree rules
3	incapacitate	participle	both combatants not said here			by combatants's wounds	tree rules
4	wound		combatants = combatant				nom wound «state transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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