Test 14 · ★ · Aesop's Fables, The Lion, the Bear, and the Fox: a sly Fox…

Mate, what did the Lioness mean by her one cub?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mate · What happens: do, mean · To what, where: Lioness

This is test 14 · ★ of lesson 142 «Aesop's Fables, The Lion, the Bear, and the Fox: a sly Fox steals a kid while two beasts lie wounded» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 mean	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 did	punct
3	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 did	nsubj
4	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Mate	acl:relcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Lioness	det
6	Lioness	lioness	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 did	obj
7	mean	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	by	by	ADP	_	11 cub	case
9	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 cub	nmod:poss
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 cub	nummod
11	cub	cub	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 mean	obl
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past	Mate	the Lioness					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lioness=Eventuality
2	mean	present	Mate					by Mate's one cub	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Quality beats quantity, cos this one cub is a proper lion, innit

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Quality	quality	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 beats	nsubj
2	beats	beat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	quantity	quantity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 beats	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 lion	punct
5	cos	cos	SCONJ	_	8 cub	case
6	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 cub	det
7	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 cub	compound
8	cub	cub	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 lion	obl
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 lion	cop
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 lion	det
11	proper	proper	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 lion	amod
12	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 beats	parataxis
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 innit	punct
14	innit	innit	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 lion	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	beat	present	Quality	quantity					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location quantity=Theme
2	is a	present		a proper lion and innit				cos this one cub	tree rules

Option 2

It means quality beats quantity, and this single cub is a real lion too

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	quality	quality	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 beats	nsubj
4	beats	beat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 means	ccomp
5	quantity	quantity	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 beats	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 lion	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 lion	cc
8	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	10 cub	det
9	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 cub	amod
10	cub	cub	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 lion	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 lion	cop
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 lion	det
13	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 lion	amod
14	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	parataxis
15	too	too	ADV	_	14 lion	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	mean	present	It		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	beat	present	quality	quantity	vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location quantity=Theme
3	is a	present	this single cub	a real lion	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Quality beats quantity, it's a lion

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Quality	quality	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 beats	nsubj
2	beats	beat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	quantity	quantity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 beats	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 lion	punct
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 lion	nsubj
6	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 lion	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 lion	det
8	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 beats	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	beat	present	Quality	quantity					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location quantity=Theme
2	is a	present	Quality	a lion					tree rules

Option 4

Lions are better than many cubs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 better	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 better	cop
3	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	than	than	ADP	_	6 cubs	case
5	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 cubs	amod
6	cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 better	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Lions					than many cubs; good property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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