Exam question 3 · Popular Tales from the Norse, Soria Moria Castle, part 9:…
Determine the reason why the narrator states that the Halvor's search was undertaken with diminished hope and with reluctance to continue living.
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, narrator, Halvor · What happens: determine, state, undertake, diminish, continue, live · To what, where: reason, search · Speech: someone speaks here
This is exam question 3 of lesson 1512 «Popular Tales from the Norse, Soria Moria Castle, part 9: Halvor's parents know him, then the Princesses vanish and he sets out again» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Determine | determine | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 reason | det |
| 3 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Determine | obj |
| 4 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 states | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 narrator | det |
| 6 | narrator | narrator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 states | nsubj |
| 7 | states | state | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 reason | acl |
| 8 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 14 undertaken | mark |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Halvor | det |
| 10 | Halvor | Halvor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 search | nmod:poss |
| 11 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 10 Halvor | case |
| 12 | search | search | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 undertaken | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 undertaken | aux:pass |
| 14 | undertaken | undertake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 states | ccomp |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 hope | case |
| 16 | diminished | diminish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 hope | amod |
| 17 | hope | hope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 undertaken | obl |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 reluctance | cc |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 reluctance | case |
| 20 | reluctance | reluctance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 hope | conj |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 continue | mark |
| 22 | continue | continue | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 reluctance | acl |
| 23 | living | live | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 22 continue | xcomp |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Determine | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | determine | imperative | you not said here | the reason | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic | ||||
| 2 | state speech: other | present | the narrator | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | undertake | past · passive | the Halvor's search | with diminished hope and reluctance | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.subeventuality»: subject=Eventuality with hope=Subeventuality | ||||
| 4 | diminish | participle | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 5 | continue | to-infinitive | vn continue-55.3 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||||
| 6 | live | gerund | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 7 | search | the Halvor | nom search «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
Because he was tired.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Because | because | SCONJ | _ | 4 tired | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 tired | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 tired | cop |
| 4 | tired | tired | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 tired | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | he | tired property | tree rules |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Because Halvor believed he would not find the Princess again, and deemed it not worth while to live.
The tree, 18 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 2 Halvor | case |
| 2 | Halvor | Halvor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 believed | obl |
| 3 | believed | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 find | nsubj |
| 5 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 find | aux |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 find | advmod |
| 7 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 believed | ccomp |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Princess | det |
| 9 | Princess | Princess | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 find | obj |
| 10 | again | again | ADV | _ | 7 find | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 deemed | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 deemed | cc |
| 13 | deemed | deem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 believed | conj |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 deemed | obj |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 worth | advmod |
| 16 | worth | worth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 deemed | xcomp |
| 17 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 19 live | mark |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 live | mark |
| 19 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 worth | xcomp |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 believed | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | past | because Halvor | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | not find | would | Halvor | the Princess | again | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent princess=Topic | |||
| 3 | deem | past | it | worth property | vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent it=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | live | to-infinitive | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3
Because he had lost hope.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Because | because | SCONJ | _ | 4 lost | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 lost | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 lost | aux |
| 4 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | hope | hope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lost | obj |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 lost | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lose | past · perfect | he | hope | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hope=Eventuality |
Option 4
Because he was sure the castle was not real, and felt his life was of little worth.
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Because | because | SCONJ | _ | 4 sure | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 sure | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sure | cop |
| 4 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 castle | det |
| 6 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 real | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 real | cop |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 real | advmod |
| 9 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 sure | ccomp |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 felt | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 felt | cc |
| 12 | felt | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sure | ccomp |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 life | nmod:poss |
| 14 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 worth | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 worth | cop |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 worth | case |
| 17 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 worth | amod |
| 18 | worth | worth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 felt | ccomp |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 felt | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | he | sure property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not is | past | the castle | real property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | feel | past | he not said here | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | is | past | his life | of little worth | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1512-pg540-part9/e3/