Exam question 2 · Popular Tales from the Norse, East of the Sun and West of…

By what means did the youth preserve himself from the injuries inflicted by the Trolls?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: youth · What happens: mean, do, preserve, inflict · To what, where: himself, injuries

This is exam question 2 of lesson 1545 «Popular Tales from the Norse, East of the Sun and West of the Moon, part 42: the youth frees the princesses, wins a queen, and sets out to find Whiteland» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 what	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 did	obj
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 what	acl:relcl
4	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 youth	det
6	youth	youth	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 preserve	nsubj
7	preserve	preserve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 did	ccomp
8	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	7 preserve	obj
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 injuries	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 injuries	det
11	injuries	injury	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 preserve	obl
12	inflicted	inflict	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 injuries	acl
13	by	by	ADP	_	15 Trolls	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Trolls	det
15	Trolls	troll	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 inflicted	obl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	mean	present				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	do	past				tree rules
3	preserve	present	the youth	himself = he	from the injuries	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary from injury=Theme
4	inflict	participle		the injuries not said here	by the Trolls	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

He anointed himself with the ointment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 anointed	nsubj
2	anointed	anoint	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 anointed	obj
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 ointment	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ointment	det
6	ointment	ointment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 anointed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	anoint	past	He	himself = he				with the ointment	vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent himself=Destination with ointment=Theme

Option 2

He drank water from the well

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 drank	nsubj
2	drank	drink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drank	obj
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 well	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 well	det
6	well	well	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drank	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drink	past	He	water		the well			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient

Option 3

He rubbed the ointment over every wound he had and then slept beneath the open sky

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 rubbed	nsubj
2	rubbed	rub	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 ointment	det
4	ointment	ointment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rubbed	obj
5	over	over	ADP	_	7 wound	case
6	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 wound	det
7	wound	wound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rubbed	obl
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 had	nsubj
9	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 wound	acl:relcl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 slept	cc
11	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 slept	advmod
12	slept	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 rubbed	conj
13	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	16 sky	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 sky	det
15	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 sky	amod
16	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 slept	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rub	past	He	the ointment	every wound			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ointment=Theme over wound=Destination
2	have	past	he	every wound not said here				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wound=Patient
3	sleep	past	He not said here			then	beneath the open sky	vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

He wrapped his arms in cloth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wrapped	nsubj
2	wrapped	wrap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 arms	nmod:poss
4	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 wrapped	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 cloth	case
6	cloth	cloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 wrapped	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wrap	past	He	his arms		cloth			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent arm=Theme in cloth=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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