Test 18 · ★★ · Alice in Wonderland, chapter VIII, part 2: The Queen's Cro…

★★★ Three players are sentenced «for having missed their turns». Why is that unfair in this game?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: sentence, have, miss, be · To what, where: ★ Three players, missed turns, game · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 18 · ★★ of lesson 16 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter VIII, part 2: The Queen's Croquet-Ground (a head without a body)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ Three players are sentenced «for having missed their turns».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
2	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
3	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 players	compound
4	Three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 players	nummod
5	players	player	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 sentenced	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 sentenced	aux:pass
7	sentenced	sentence	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 having	punct
9	for	for	SCONJ	_	10 having	mark
10	having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 sentenced	ccomp
11	missed	miss	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 turns	amod
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 turns	nmod:poss
13	turns	turn	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 having	obj
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 having	punct
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 sentenced	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	sentence	present · passive	★ Three players	tree rules
2	have in a quote	gerund	players's missed turns	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turn=Patient
3	miss in a quote	participle		vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is that unfair in this game?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 unfair	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 unfair	cop
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	4 unfair	mark
4	unfair	unfair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 game	case
6	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	7 game	det
7	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 unfair	obl
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 unfair	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present				this game		unfair property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Nobody waits for turns, so no one can know when it is their turn, which the Queen should have told them at the very start of the game

The tree, 28 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 waits	nsubj
2	waits	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	4 turns	case
4	turns	turn	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 waits	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 know	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	10 know	advmod
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 one	det
8	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 know	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 know	aux
10	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 waits	advcl
11	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	15 turn	advmod
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 turn	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 turn	cop
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 turn	nmod:poss
15	turn	turn	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 know	ccomp
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 told	punct
17	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	22 told	obj
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 Queen	det
19	Queen	Queen	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 told	nsubj
20	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 told	aux
21	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	22 told	aux
22	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	15 turn	parataxis
23	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 told	iobj
24	at	at	ADP	_	27 start	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 start	det
26	very	very	ADV	_	27 start	advmod
27	start	start	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 told	obl
28	of	of	ADP	_	30 game	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 game	det
30	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 start	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	wait	present	Nobody				for turns	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	know	can	no one					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	is a	present	it	turns's turn				tree rules
4	tell speech: assert	should · perfect	the Queen	turns's turn	turns = turn	the start of the game		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient which=Topic
5	start			the game				nom start «event transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

Nobody waits for turns, so no one can know when it is their turn, and the Queen never explains the rules to anybody

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 waits	nsubj
2	waits	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	4 turns	case
4	turns	turn	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 waits	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 know	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	10 know	advmod
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 one	det
8	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 know	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 know	aux
10	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 waits	conj
11	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	15 turn	advmod
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 turn	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 turn	cop
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 turn	nmod:poss
15	turn	turn	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 know	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 explains	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 explains	cc
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 Queen	det
19	Queen	Queen	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 explains	nsubj
20	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	21 explains	advmod
21	explains	explain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 waits	conj
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 rules	det
23	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 explains	obj
24	to	to	ADP	_	25 anybody	case
25	anybody	anybody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	23 rules	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	wait	present	Nobody			for turns	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	know	can	no one				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	is a	present	it	turns's turn			tree rules
4	not explain speech: assert	present	the Queen	the rules	anybody		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent rule=Topic to anybody=Recipient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Nobody waits for turns, so no one can know when it is their turn

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 waits	nsubj
2	waits	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	4 turns	case
4	turns	turn	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 waits	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 know	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	10 know	advmod
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 one	det
8	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 know	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 know	aux
10	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 waits	conj
11	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	15 turn	advmod
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 turn	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 turn	cop
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 turn	nmod:poss
15	turn	turn	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 know	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	wait	present	Nobody		for turns	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	know	can	no one			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	is a	present	it	turns's turn		tree rules

Option 4

Because everyone was already cheating during the whole game

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	5 cheating	mark
2	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	5 cheating	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 cheating	aux
4	already	already	ADV	_	5 cheating	advmod
5	cheating	cheat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	during	during	ADP	_	9 game	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 game	det
8	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 game	amod
9	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cheating	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cheat	past · progressive	everyone				during the whole game		vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/16-alice-the-queens-croquet-ground-2/t18/