Exam question 1 · Popular Tales from the Norse, Strong Hans, part 21: Hans o…

Which implement did Hans employ upon the first attempt to fell the tree, and what befell it?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: implement · What happens: employ, fall, befall · To what, where: tree

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1632 «Popular Tales from the Norse, Strong Hans, part 21: Hans outwits the squire's plots and beats Old Eric at Devilmoss Lake» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 implement	det
2	implement	implement	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 employ	nsubj
3	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 employ	aux
4	Hans	han	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 employ	nsubj
5	employ	employ	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	upon	upon	ADP	_	9 attempt	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 attempt	det
8	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	9 attempt	amod
9	attempt	attempt	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 employ	obl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 fell	mark
11	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 attempt	advcl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 tree	det
13	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 fell	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 befell	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 befell	cc
16	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	17 befell	nsubj
17	befell	befall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 employ	parataxis
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 befell	obj
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 employ	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	employ	past · do-support	which implement		upon the first attempt	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	fall	past	which implement not said here	the tree		vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient tree=Result
3	befall	past		tree		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

His spade, whose handle cracked in two

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 spade	nmod:poss
2	spade	spade	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cracked	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 handle	punct
4	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	5 handle	nmod:poss
5	handle	handle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spade	conj
6	cracked	crack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 two	case
8	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 cracked	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crack	past	His spade and His spade and spade's handle's handle			two			vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in two=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

The woodman's axe, whose edge was chipped and whose handle snapped, leaving the blade lying useless on the forest floor

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 woodman	det
2	woodman	woodman	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 axe	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 woodman	case
4	axe	axe	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 chipped	nsubj:pass
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 edge	punct
6	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	7 edge	nmod:poss
7	edge	edge	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 axe	conj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 chipped	aux:pass
9	chipped	chip	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 snapped	cc
11	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	12 handle	nmod:poss
12	handle	handle	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 snapped	nsubj
13	snapped	snap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 chipped	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 leaving	punct
15	leaving	leave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 snapped	advcl
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 blade	det
17	blade	blade	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 leaving	obj
18	lying	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	17 blade	acl
19	useless	useless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 lying	xcomp
20	on	on	ADP	_	23 floor	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 floor	det
22	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 floor	compound
23	floor	floor	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 lying	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	chip	past · passive		the woodman's axe and the woodman's axe and axe's edge's edge			vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	snap	past	handle				vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	leave	gerund	handle not said here	the blade			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blade=Theme
4	lie	gerund	the blade not said here		the forest floor	useless property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on floor=Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The woodman's axe, whose edge was destroyed and whose shaft was broken

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 woodman	det
2	woodman	woodman	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 axe	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 woodman	case
4	axe	axe	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 destroyed	nsubj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 edge	punct
6	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	7 edge	nmod:poss
7	edge	edge	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 axe	conj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 destroyed	aux:pass
9	destroyed	destroy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 broken	cc
11	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	12 shaft	nmod:poss
12	shaft	shaft	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 broken	nsubj:pass
13	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 broken	aux:pass
14	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 destroyed	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	destroy	past · passive		the woodman's axe and the woodman's axe and axe's edge's edge					vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	break	past · passive		shaft					vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 4

A hatchet whose blade bent sideways

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 hatchet	det
2	hatchet	hatchet	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bent	nsubj
3	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	4 blade	nmod:poss
4	blade	blade	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bent	nsubj
5	bent	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	sideways	sideways	ADV	_	5 bent	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bend	past	a hatchet					sideways property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1632-pg5615-part21/e1/