Exam question 1 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Steadfast Tin Soldier, part 71…

Explain, with reference to the text, why the Tin-soldier remains silent when the nursery-maid and the little boy search for him.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, Tin soldier · What happens: explain, remain · To what, where: reference, text, nursery maid

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1747 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Steadfast Tin Soldier, part 71: the soldier falls out of the window, sails in a paper boat, is swallowed by a fish, and melts in the stove» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Explain	explain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 reference	punct
3	with	with	ADP	_	4 reference	case
4	reference	reference	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Explain	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 text	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 text	det
7	text	text	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Explain	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 remains	punct
9	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	14 remains	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 soldier	det
11	Tin	tin	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 soldier	compound
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 Tin	punct
13	soldier	soldier	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 remains	nsubj
14	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Explain	parataxis
15	silent	silent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 remains	xcomp
16	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	20 maid	advmod
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 maid	det
18	nursery	nursery	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 maid	compound
19	-	-	PUNCT	_	18 nursery	punct
20	maid	maid	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 remains	obl
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 search	cc
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 search	det
23	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 search	amod
24	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 search	compound
25	search	search	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 maid	conj
26	for	for	ADP	_	27 him	case
27	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 search	nmod
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Explain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	explain speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	reference	the text				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent reference=Topic to text=Recipient
2	remain	present	the Tin soldier	the nursery maid and the little boy search for him				silent property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Because he thinks a soldier should keep quiet and not call out for help in public

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	3 thinks	mark
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 thinks	nsubj
3	thinks	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 keep	advcl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 soldier	det
5	soldier	soldier	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 keep	nsubj
6	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 keep	aux
7	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 keep	xcomp
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 call	cc
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 call	advmod
11	call	call	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 keep	conj
12	out	out	ADP	_	11 call	compound:prt
13	for	for	ADP	_	14 help	case
14	help	help	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 call	obl
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 public	case
16	public	public	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 call	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	present	he			vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	keep	should	a soldier		quiet property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	not call out speech: assert	infinitive	a soldier not said here	public	for help	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for help=Recipient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Because he is too proud

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	5 proud	mark
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 proud	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 proud	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 proud	advmod
5	proud	proud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	he					proud property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Because he regards it as unbefitting for a soldier in uniform to call out

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	3 regards	mark
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 regards	nsubj
3	regards	regard	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 regards	obj
5	as	as	ADP	_	6 unbefitting	case
6	unbefitting	unbefitting	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 regards	obl
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 soldier	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 soldier	det
9	soldier	soldier	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 regards	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 uniform	case
11	uniform	uniform	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 regards	obl
12	to	to	PART	_	13 call	mark
13	call	call	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 regards	advcl
14	out	out	ADP	_	13 call	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	regard	present	he	it		uniform		as unbefitting; for a soldier	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent it=Theme for soldier=Attribute
2	call out speech: assert	to-infinitive	he not said here						vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Because he believes a uniformed soldier must not shout for help or be seen crying out

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	3 believes	mark
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 believes	nsubj
3	believes	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 shout	advcl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 soldier	det
5	uniformed	uniform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 soldier	amod
6	soldier	soldier	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 shout	nsubj
7	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 shout	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 shout	advmod
9	shout	shout	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 help	case
11	help	help	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 shout	obl
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 seen	cc
13	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	14 seen	aux:pass
14	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 shout	conj
15	crying	cry	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 seen	xcomp
16	out	out	ADP	_	15 crying	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	believe	present	he		vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
2	uniform	participle			tree rules
3	not shout speech: express	must	a uniformed soldier	for help	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for help=Recipient
4	see	infinitive · passive	a uniformed soldier not said here		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: clause=Stimulus
5	cry out speech: express	gerund	a uniformed soldier not said here		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1747-pg640-part71/e1/