Exam question 2 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Steadfast Tin Soldier, part 71…

State the means by which the Tin-soldier is conveyed through the gutter and into the canal.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: State · What happens: mean, convey · To what, where: Tin soldier, gutter · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 2 of lesson 1747 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Steadfast Tin Soldier, part 71: the soldier falls out of the window, sails in a paper boat, is swallowed by a fish, and melts in the stove» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 means	nsubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 means	nsubj
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 conveyed	obl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 soldier	det
7	Tin	Tin	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 soldier	compound
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 Tin	punct
9	soldier	soldier	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 conveyed	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 conveyed	aux:pass
11	conveyed	convey	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 means	ccomp
12	through	through	ADP	_	14 gutter	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 gutter	det
14	gutter	gutter	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 conveyed	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 canal	cc
16	into	into	ADP	_	18 canal	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 canal	det
18	canal	canal	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 gutter	conj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	State						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	convey	present · passive		the Tin soldier		the gutter and the canal			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He floats in a cardboard box that a passing cook launched

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 floats	nsubj
2	floats	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 box	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 box	det
5	cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 box	compound
6	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 floats	obl
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 launched	nsubj:pass
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 cook	det
9	passing	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 cook	amod
10	cook	cook	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 launched	nsubj
11	launched	launch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 box	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	float	present	He		a cardboard box	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in box=Trajectory
2	pass	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	launch	participle · passive		a cardboard box		vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

He is carried in a paper boat that two street boys set afloat in the gutter, which then drifts into the canal below

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 carried	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 carried	aux:pass
3	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 boat	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 boat	det
6	paper	paper	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 boat	compound
7	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carried	obl
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 set	obj
9	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 boys	nummod
10	street	street	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 boys	compound
11	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 set	nsubj
12	set	set	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 boat	acl:relcl
13	afloat	afloat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 carried	xcomp
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 gutter	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 gutter	det
16	gutter	gutter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carried	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 drifts	punct
18	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 drifts	nsubj
19	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	20 drifts	advmod
20	drifts	drift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 gutter	acl:relcl
21	into	into	ADP	_	23 canal	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 canal	det
23	canal	canal	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 drifts	obl
24	below	below	ADV	_	23 canal	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present · passive		He	a paper boat		in the gutter; afloat property	vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in boat=Location
2	set	present	two street boys	a paper boat				vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient that=Result
3	drift	present	the gutter		the canal	then		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into canal=Destination

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

He is carried in a paper boat set afloat by two street boys

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 carried	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 carried	aux:pass
3	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 boat	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 boat	det
6	paper	paper	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 boat	compound
7	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carried	obl
8	set	set	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 carried	conj
9	afloat	afloat	ADV	_	8 set	advmod
10	by	by	ADP	_	13 boys	case
11	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 boys	nummod
12	street	street	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 boys	compound
13	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 set	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present · passive		He		a paper boat			vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in boat=Location
2	set	participle						by two street boys; afloat property	vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by boy=Destination

Option 4

He is carried in a folded newspaper boat, made by two street boys and set afloat in the gutter, which slowly drifts down into the canal beyond the houses

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 carried	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 carried	aux:pass
3	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	8 boat	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 boat	det
6	folded	fold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 boat	amod
7	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 boat	compound
8	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carried	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 made	punct
10	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 carried	conj
11	by	by	ADP	_	14 boys	case
12	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	14 boys	nummod
13	street	street	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 boys	compound
14	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 made	obl:agent
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 set	cc
16	set	set	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 carried	conj
17	afloat	afloat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 set	xcomp
18	in	in	ADP	_	20 gutter	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 gutter	det
20	gutter	gutter	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 set	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 drifts	punct
22	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	24 drifts	nsubj
23	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	24 drifts	advmod
24	drifts	drift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 gutter	acl:relcl
25	down	down	ADV	_	24 drifts	advmod
26	into	into	ADP	_	28 canal	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 canal	det
28	canal	canal	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 drifts	obl
29	beyond	beyond	ADP	_	31 houses	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 houses	det
31	houses	house	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 canal	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	carry	present · passive		He	a folded newspaper boat		vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in boat=Location
2	fold	participle					vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	make	participle					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
4	set	infinitive			the gutter	afloat property	vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in gutter=Destination
5	drift down	present	the gutter		the canal beyond the houses	down, slowly property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into canal=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1747-pg640-part71/e2/