Exam question 1 · pg641 tales, The Girl Who Pretended to Be a Boy, part 56:…

Which of the following best describes the action of the king in the opening of this passage?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: king · What happens: follow, describe, act · To what, where: action

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1805 «pg641 tales, The Girl Who Pretended to Be a Boy, part 56: a princess becomes a duck, and a girl rides off to serve as a son» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 describes	obj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 best	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 best	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 best	case
5	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 describes	nmod
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 action	det
8	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 describes	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 king	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 king	det
11	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 action	nmod
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 opening	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 opening	det
14	opening	opening	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 king	nmod
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 passage	case
16	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	17 passage	det
17	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 opening	nmod
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 describes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the action of the king in the opening of this passage	of the best	tree rules
3	act		the king in the opening of this passage			nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He banished the princess and her maidens to a distant castle, challenging the young man to rescue them from the lake and win a wager

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 banished	nsubj
2	banished	banish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 princess	det
4	princess	princess	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 banished	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 maidens	cc
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 maidens	nmod:poss
7	maidens	maiden	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 princess	conj
8	to	to	ADP	_	11 castle	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 castle	det
10	distant	distant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 castle	amod
11	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 banished	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 challenging	punct
13	challenging	challenge	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 banished	advcl
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 man	det
15	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 man	amod
16	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 challenging	obj
17	to	to	PART	_	18 rescue	mark
18	rescue	rescue	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 challenging	advcl
19	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 rescue	obj
20	from	from	ADP	_	22 lake	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 lake	det
22	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 rescue	obl
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 win	cc
24	win	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres Typo=Yes VerbForm=Fin	2 banished	conj
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 wager	det
26	wager	wager	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 win	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	banish	past	He	the princess and her maidens	a distant castle	vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent princess=Theme to castle=Destination
2	challenge	gerund	He not said here	the young man		tree rules
3	rescue	to-infinitive	He not said here	princess	the lake	vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent they=Theme from lake=Source
4	win	present	He not said here	a wager		vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wager=Eventuality

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

He transformed the princess and her maidens into ducks, thereby setting a test for the young man

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 transformed	nsubj
2	transformed	transform	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 princess	det
4	princess	princess	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 transformed	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 maidens	cc
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 maidens	nmod:poss
7	maidens	maiden	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 princess	conj
8	into	into	ADP	_	9 ducks	case
9	ducks	duck	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 transformed	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 setting	punct
11	thereby	thereby	ADV	_	12 setting	advmod
12	setting	set	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 transformed	advcl
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 test	det
14	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 setting	obj
15	for	for	ADP	_	18 man	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 man	det
17	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 man	amod
18	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 setting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transform	past	He	the princess and her maidens				into ducks result	vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent princess=Patient into duck=Result
2	set	gerund	He not said here	a test				for the young man; thereby property	vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent test=Patient for man=Beneficiary

Option 3

He cursed the princess and her maidens to swim on the lake, testing whether the young man could tell them apart by sight alone

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 cursed	nsubj
2	cursed	curse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 princess	det
4	princess	princess	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cursed	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 maidens	cc
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 maidens	nmod:poss
7	maidens	maiden	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 princess	conj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 swim	mark
9	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 cursed	advcl
10	on	on	ADP	_	12 lake	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 lake	det
12	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 swim	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 testing	punct
14	testing	test	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 cursed	advcl
15	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	20 tell	mark
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 man	det
17	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 man	amod
18	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 tell	nsubj
19	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 tell	aux
20	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 testing	advcl
21	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 tell	iobj
22	apart	apart	ADV	_	20 tell	advmod
23	by	by	ADP	_	24 sight	case
24	sight	sight	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 tell	obl
25	alone	alone	ADV	_	20 tell	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	curse	past	He	the princess and her maidens				vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent princess=Theme
2	swim	to-infinitive	He not said here			the lake		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on lake=Trajectory
3	test	gerund	He not said here					vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	tell speech: assert	could	the young man		princess		by sight; apart property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

He turned them into ducks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 turned	nsubj
2	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 turned	obj
4	into	into	ADP	_	5 ducks	case
5	ducks	duck	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 turned	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	past	He	them = they				into ducks result	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent they=Theme into duck=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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