Exam question 2 · pg641 tales, The Girl Who Pretended to Be a Boy, part 56:…
What is the principal reason the old emperor is unable to defend his realm in the second tale?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: old emperor · What happens: be, defend · To what, where: principal reason, realm, second tale
This is exam question 2 of lesson 1805 «pg641 tales, The Girl Who Pretended to Be a Boy, part 56: a princess becomes a duck, and a girl rides off to serve as a son» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 reason | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 reason | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 reason | det |
| 4 | principal | principal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 reason | amod |
| 5 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 emperor | det |
| 7 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 emperor | amod |
| 8 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 unable | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 unable | cop |
| 10 | unable | unable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 reason | acl:relcl |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 defend | mark |
| 12 | defend | defend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 unable | xcomp |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 realm | nmod:poss |
| 14 | realm | realm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 defend | obj |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 tale | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 tale | det |
| 17 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 18 tale | amod |
| 18 | tale | tale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 defend | obl |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 reason | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the principal reason | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | is | present | the old emperor | the principal reason not said here | unable property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | defend | to-infinitive | the old emperor not said here | his realm | the second tale | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent realm=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
His sons were captured and his daughters refused to fight
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 sons | nmod:poss |
| 2 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 captured | nsubj |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 captured | aux:pass |
| 4 | captured | capture | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 refused | cc |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 daughters | nmod:poss |
| 7 | daughters | daughter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 refused | nsubj |
| 8 | refused | refuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 captured | conj |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 fight | mark |
| 10 | fight | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 refused | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | capture | past · passive | His sons | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | refuse | past | his daughters | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | not fight | to-infinitive | his daughters not said here | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 2
He lacks a son who might serve as a warrior, having only daughters, and his enemies have already begun to march upon the eastern border
The tree, 25 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 lacks | nsubj |
| 2 | lacks | lack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 son | det |
| 4 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lacks | obj |
| 5 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 serve | nsubj |
| 6 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 serve | aux |
| 7 | serve | serve | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 son | acl:relcl |
| 8 | as | as | ADP | _ | 10 warrior | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 warrior | det |
| 10 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 serve | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 having | punct |
| 12 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 lacks | advcl |
| 13 | only | only | ADV | _ | 14 daughters | advmod |
| 14 | daughters | daughter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 having | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 begun | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 begun | cc |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 enemies | nmod:poss |
| 18 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 begun | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 begun | aux |
| 20 | already | already | ADV | _ | 21 begun | advmod |
| 21 | begun | begin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 lacks | parataxis |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 march | mark |
| 23 | march | march | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 begun | xcomp |
| 24 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 27 border | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 border | det |
| 26 | eastern | eastern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 border | amod |
| 27 | border | border | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 march | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lack | present | He | a son | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | serve | might | a son | as a warrior | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as warrior=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | have | gerund | He not said here | daughters | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Patient | ||||
| 4 | begin | present · perfect · passive | his enemies | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | march | to-infinitive | the eastern border | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon border=Trajectory |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
He lacks a son who might serve as a warrior, having only daughters
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 lacks | nsubj |
| 2 | lacks | lack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 son | det |
| 4 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lacks | obj |
| 5 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 serve | nsubj |
| 6 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 serve | aux |
| 7 | serve | serve | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 son | acl:relcl |
| 8 | as | as | ADP | _ | 10 warrior | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 warrior | det |
| 10 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 serve | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 having | punct |
| 12 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 lacks | advcl |
| 13 | only | only | ADV | _ | 14 daughters | advmod |
| 14 | daughters | daughter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 having | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lack | present | He | a son | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | serve | might | a son | as a warrior | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as warrior=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | have | gerund | He not said here | daughters | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Patient |
Option 4
He has been cursed by a magician so that no son of his may ever survive long enough to reach the age of warrior, leaving only daughters behind
The tree, 28 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 cursed | nsubj |
| 2 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 cursed | aux |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 cursed | aux:pass |
| 4 | cursed | curse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 magician | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 magician | det |
| 7 | magician | magician | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 cursed | obl |
| 8 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 11 son | case |
| 9 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 so | fixed |
| 10 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 11 son | det |
| 11 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 cursed | obl |
| 12 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 16 survive | mark |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 survive | nmod:poss |
| 14 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 survive | aux |
| 15 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 16 survive | advmod |
| 16 | survive | survive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 son | acl:relcl |
| 17 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 16 survive | advmod |
| 18 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 17 long | advmod |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 reach | mark |
| 20 | reach | reach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 survive | advcl |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 age | det |
| 22 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 reach | obj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 warrior | case |
| 24 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 age | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 leaving | punct |
| 26 | leaving | leave | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 cursed | advcl |
| 27 | only | only | ADV | _ | 28 daughters | advmod |
| 28 | daughters | daughter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 leaving | obj |
| 29 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 26 leaving | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | curse | present · perfect · passive | a magician | He | so no son | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | |||
| 2 | survive | may | no son not said here | ever | long property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 3 | reach | to-infinitive | no son not said here | the age of warrior | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent age=Theme | ||||
| 4 | leave | gerund | a magician not said here | daughters | behind property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1805-pg641-part56/e2/