Exam question 2 · Tales of the Punjab, Raja Rasalu, part 25: a mocking princ…

Which of the following most accurately describes the function of the headless corpse within the narrative?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, describe · To what, where: function

This is exam question 2 of lesson 1841 «Tales of the Punjab, Raja Rasalu, part 25: a mocking prince, a talking corpse, a clever cricket» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 describes	advmod
7	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 function	det
9	function	function	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 describes	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 corpse	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 corpse	det
12	headless	headless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 corpse	amod
13	corpse	corpse	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 function	nmod
14	within	within	ADP	_	16 narrative	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 narrative	det
16	narrative	narrative	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 corpse	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the function of the headless corpse within the narrative				accurately property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

It furnishes the prince with counsel concerning the enchanted dice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 furnishes	nsubj
2	furnishes	furnish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 prince	det
4	prince	prince	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 furnishes	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 counsel	case
6	counsel	counsel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 furnishes	obl
7	concerning	concern	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 furnishes	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 dice	det
9	enchanted	enchant	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 dice	amod
10	dice	dice	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 concerning	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	furnish	present	It		the prince	with counsel	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent prince=Recipient with counsel=Theme
2	concern	gerund		the enchanted dice			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus dice=Experiencer
3	enchant	participle					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2

It teaches the prince to play the ancient game of chance

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 teaches	nsubj
2	teaches	teach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 prince	det
4	prince	prince	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 teaches	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 play	mark
6	play	play	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 teaches	xcomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 game	det
8	ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 game	amod
9	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 play	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 chance	case
11	chance	chance	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 game	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	teach speech: other	present	It		the prince				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent prince=Recipient clause=Topic
2	play	to-infinitive		the ancient game of chance					vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

It serves merely as a decoration, furnishing the prince with counsel only about his own ghostly brother's fate

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 serves	nsubj
2	serves	serve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	merely	merely	ADV	_	2 serves	advmod
4	as	as	ADP	_	6 decoration	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 decoration	det
6	decoration	decoration	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 serves	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 furnishing	punct
8	furnishing	furnish	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 serves	advcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 prince	det
10	prince	prince	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 furnishing	obj
11	with	with	ADP	_	12 counsel	case
12	counsel	counsel	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 furnishing	obl
13	only	only	ADV	_	20 fate	advmod
14	about	about	ADP	_	20 fate	case
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 brother	nmod:poss
16	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 brother	amod
17	ghostly	ghostly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 brother	amod
18	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 fate	nmod:poss
19	's	's	PART	_	18 brother	case
20	fate	fate	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 furnishing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	to whom	other	roles by
1	serve	present	It		as a decoration; merely property	vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as decoration=Attribute
2	furnish	gerund		the prince	with counsel; about his own ghostly brother's fate	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent prince=Recipient with counsel=Theme
3	fate		his own ghostly brother			nom fate «event transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

It offers the prince a warning about the swing and the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 offers	nsubj
2	offers	offer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 prince	det
4	prince	prince	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 offers	obj
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 warning	det
6	warning	warning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 offers	obj
7	about	about	ADP	_	9 swing	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 swing	det
9	swing	swing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 warning	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 sea	cc
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 sea	det
12	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 swing	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	offer	present	It	a warning	the prince				vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent prince=Goal warning=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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