Exam question 1 · Tanglewood Tales, The Pygmies, part 12: Hercules lifts the…

Which method did Hercules employ to defeat Antaeus?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: method · What happens: employ, defeat · To what, where: Antaeus

This is exam question 1 of lesson 2053 «Tanglewood Tales, The Pygmies, part 12: Hercules lifts the Giant off the ground and wins, then the Pygmies plan revenge» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 method	det
2	method	method	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 employ	nsubj
3	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 employ	aux
4	Hercules	Hercules	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 employ	nsubj
5	employ	employ	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 defeat	mark
7	defeat	defeat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 employ	xcomp
8	Antaeus	Antaeus	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 defeat	obj
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 employ	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	employ	past · do-support	which method						vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute
2	defeat	to-infinitive	which method not said here	Antaeus					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

He lifted the Giant off the ground, away from his source of strength.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 lifted	nsubj
2	lifted	lift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Giant	det
4	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lifted	obj
5	off	off	ADP	_	7 ground	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ground	det
7	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lifted	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 away	punct
9	away	away	ADV	_	2 lifted	advmod
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 source	case
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 source	nmod:poss
12	source	source	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 away	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 strength	case
14	strength	strength	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 source	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lifted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lift	past	He	the Giant		the ground		away property	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent giant=Theme off ground=Destination

Option 2

He lifted the Giant high, away from his power.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 lifted	nsubj
2	lifted	lift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 high	det
4	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 high	amod
5	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lifted	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 away	punct
7	away	away	ADV	_	2 lifted	advmod
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 power	case
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 power	nmod:poss
10	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 away	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lifted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lift	past	He					away property	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

He struck the Giant repeatedly with his club while keeping him pressed against the ground beside the river.

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 struck	nsubj
2	struck	strike	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Giant	det
4	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 struck	obj
5	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV	_	2 struck	advmod
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 club	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 club	nmod:poss
8	club	club	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 struck	obl
9	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 keeping	mark
10	keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 struck	advcl
11	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 keeping	obj
12	pressed	press	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 keeping	xcomp
13	against	against	ADP	_	15 ground	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 ground	det
15	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 pressed	obl
16	beside	beside	ADP	_	18 river	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 river	det
18	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 pressed	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 struck	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	strike	past	He	the Giant		with his club; repeatedly property	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent giant=Patient with club=Instrument
2	keep	gerund	He not said here	him = he			tree rules
3	press	participle	him = he not said here		the river	against the ground	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent against ground=Theme

Option 4

He lifted the Giant off the ground, away from his source of strength, and held him there until he weakened.

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 lifted	nsubj
2	lifted	lift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Giant	det
4	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lifted	obj
5	off	off	ADP	_	7 ground	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ground	det
7	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lifted	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 away	punct
9	away	away	ADV	_	2 lifted	advmod
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 source	case
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 source	nmod:poss
12	source	source	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 away	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 strength	case
14	strength	strength	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 source	nmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 held	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 held	cc
17	held	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 lifted	conj
18	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 held	obj
19	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	17 held	advmod
20	until	until	SCONJ	_	22 weakened	mark
21	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 weakened	nsubj
22	weakened	weaken	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 held	advcl
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lifted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	lift	past	He	the Giant	the ground	away property	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent giant=Theme off ground=Destination
2	hold	past	He not said here	him = he	there		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
3	weaken	past	he				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/2053-pg976-part12/e1/