Exam question 4 · Arabian Nights, Princess Parizade, part 69: Prince Bahman…

Determine the fate which befell Prince Bahman upon dismounting at the foot of the mountain.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, fate · What happens: determine, befall, dismount · To what, where: fate, Bahman, foot

This is exam question 4 of lesson 229 «Arabian Nights, Princess Parizade, part 69: Prince Bahman turns to black stone on the mountain» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fate	det
3	fate	fate	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 befell	nsubj
5	befell	befall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 fate	acl:relcl
6	Prince	Prince	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Bahman	nmod:desc
7	Bahman	Bahman	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 befell	obj
8	upon	upon	SCONJ	_	9 dismounting	mark
9	dismounting	dismount	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 befell	advcl
10	at	at	ADP	_	12 foot	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 foot	det
12	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 dismounting	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 mountain	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 mountain	det
15	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 foot	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the fate		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fate=Topic
2	befall	past	the fate	Bahman Prince		tree rules
3	dismount	gerund	the fate not said here		the foot of the mountain	vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

he was slowly changed into a black stone by the mountain's ancient magic

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 changed	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 changed	aux:pass
3	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	4 changed	advmod
4	changed	change	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	8 stone	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 stone	det
7	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 stone	amod
8	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 changed	obl
9	by	by	ADP	_	14 magic	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 mountain	det
11	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 magic	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 mountain	case
13	ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 magic	amod
14	magic	magic	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 changed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	past · passive	the mountain's ancient magic	he				into a black stone result; slowly property	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent subject=Patient into stone=Result

Option 2

he sank into the ground slowly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sank	nsubj
2	sank	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	5 ground	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 ground	det
5	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sank	obl
6	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	2 sank	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	past	he			the ground		slowly property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

he was transformed into a black stone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 transformed	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 transformed	aux:pass
3	transformed	transform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	7 stone	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 stone	det
6	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 stone	amod
7	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 transformed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transform	past · passive		he				into a black stone result	vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into stone=Result

Option 4

he was transformed into a black stone that could never move again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 transformed	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 transformed	aux:pass
3	transformed	transform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	7 stone	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 stone	det
6	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 stone	amod
7	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 transformed	obl
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 move	nsubj
9	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 move	aux
10	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	11 move	advmod
11	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 stone	acl:relcl
12	again	again	ADV	_	11 move	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transform	past · passive		he				into a black stone result	vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into stone=Result
2	not move	could	a black stone				again		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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