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Exam question 4 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter I, part 3: The River Bank…

It is given that the Otter vanished in pursuit of a May-fly. State the convention which governed the Rat's response.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Otter, you, convention · What happens: give, vanish, pursue, state, govern · To what, where: It, pursuit, May fly, convention, response

This is exam question 4 of lesson 27 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter I, part 3: The River Bank (the Otter, a glimpse of Badger, and Toad in his new boat)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that the Otter vanished in pursuit of a May-fly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 vanished	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Otter	det
6	Otter	Otter	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 vanished	nsubj
7	vanished	vanish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 pursuit	case
9	pursuit	pursuit	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 vanished	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	14 fly	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 fly	det
12	May	May	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 fly	compound
13	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 May	punct
14	fly	fly	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 pursuit	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	vanish	past	the Otter			pursuit of a May fly			vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	pursue			a May fly					nom pursuit «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: State the convention which governed the Rat's response.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 convention	det
3	convention	convention	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 State	obj
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 governed	nsubj
5	governed	govern	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 convention	acl:relcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Rat	det
7	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 response	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 Rat	case
9	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 governed	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 State	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	state speech: other	imperative	you not said here	the convention					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent convention=Topic
2	govern	past	the convention	the Rat's response					vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent response=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Etiquette forbade comment on a friend's sudden disappearance

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Etiquette	Etiquette	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 forbade	nsubj
2	forbade	forbid	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	comment	comment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 forbade	obj
4	on	on	ADP	_	9 disappearance	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 friend	det
6	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 disappearance	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 friend	case
8	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 disappearance	amod
9	disappearance	disappearance	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 forbade	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forbid	past	Etiquette	comment		a friend's sudden disappearance			vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer comment=Theme
2	disappear		a friend						nom disappearance «act intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

Etiquette required silence about the sudden vanishing of a friend

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Etiquette	Etiquette	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 required	nsubj
2	required	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	silence	silence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 required	obj
4	about	about	ADP	_	7 vanishing	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 vanishing	det
6	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 vanishing	amod
7	vanishing	vanishing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 required	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 friend	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 friend	det
10	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 vanishing	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	past	Etiquette	silence				about the sudden vanishing of a friend	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme silence=Precondition
2	vanish		a friend						nom vanishing «event intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3

Etiquette forbade any comment on a friend's sudden disappearance, and so the Rat kept on eating his lunch quietly

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Etiquette	Etiquette	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 forbade	nsubj
2	forbade	forbid	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	4 comment	det
4	comment	comment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 forbade	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	10 disappearance	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 friend	det
7	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 disappearance	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 friend	case
9	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 disappearance	amod
10	disappearance	disappearance	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 forbade	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 kept	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 kept	cc
13	so	so	ADV	_	16 kept	advmod
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Rat	det
15	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 kept	nsubj
16	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 forbade	conj
17	on	on	SCONJ	_	18 eating	mark
18	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 kept	advcl
19	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 lunch	nmod:poss
20	lunch	lunch	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 eating	obj
21	quietly	quietly	ADV	_	18 eating	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forbid	past	Etiquette	any comment		a friend's sudden disappearance			vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer comment=Theme
2	keep	past	the Rat						vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	eat	gerund	the Rat not said here	Rat's lunch				quietly property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lunch=Patient
4	disappear		a friend						nom disappearance «act intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

Rules of the river forbade comment, so the Rat politely waited for the Otter to explain himself later at home

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 forbade	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 river	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 river	det
4	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Rules	nmod
5	forbade	forbid	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	comment	comment	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 forbade	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 waited	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	12 waited	advmod
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Rat	det
10	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 waited	nsubj
11	politely	politely	ADV	_	12 waited	advmod
12	waited	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 forbade	conj
13	for	for	ADP	_	15 Otter	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Otter	det
15	Otter	Otter	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 waited	obl
16	to	to	PART	_	17 explain	mark
17	explain	explain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 waited	advcl
18	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	17 explain	obj
19	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	17 explain	advmod
20	at	at	ADP	_	21 home	case
21	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 explain	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forbid	past	Rules of the river	comment					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer comment=Theme
2	wait	past	the Rat					for the Otter; politely property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	explain speech: assert	to-infinitive	the Rat not said here	Rat		home		late property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Topic
4	rule		the river						nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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