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Exam question 4 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 2: The Open Road…

It is given that the Rat ultimately acceded to the expedition. Identify the principal reason for this.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Rat, you · What happens: give, accede, identify · To what, where: It, principal reason

This is exam question 4 of lesson 30 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 2: The Open Road (Toad's canary-coloured caravan)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that the Rat ultimately acceded to the expedition.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 acceded	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Rat	det
6	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 acceded	nsubj
7	ultimately	ultimately	ADV	_	8 acceded	advmod
8	acceded	accede	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 expedition	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 expedition	det
11	expedition	expedition	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 acceded	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	accede	past	the Rat					to the expedition; ultimately property	vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to expedition=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Identify the principal reason for this.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 this	case
6	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 reason	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason				for this	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme

The options

Option 1

He was afraid of the Mole

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 afraid	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 afraid	cop
3	afraid	afraid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 Mole	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Mole	det
6	Mole	mole	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 afraid	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	He					of the Mole; afraid property	tree rules

Option 2

He was promised a free ride on the road

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 promised	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 promised	aux:pass
3	promised	promise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 ride	det
5	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 ride	amod
6	ride	ride	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 promised	obj
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 road	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 road	det
9	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ride	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	promise speech: promise	past · passive		He					vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: subject=Goal ride=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

He could not bear to disappoint his two friends

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 bear	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 bear	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 bear	advmod
4	bear	bear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 disappoint	mark
6	disappoint	disappoint	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 bear	xcomp
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 friends	nmod:poss
8	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 friends	nummod
9	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 disappoint	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not bear	could	He						vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	disappoint	to-infinitive	He not said here	his two friends					tree rules

Option 4

He could not bear to disappoint his two friends, who had both begged him sincerely at lunch

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 bear	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 bear	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 bear	advmod
4	bear	bear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 disappoint	mark
6	disappoint	disappoint	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 bear	xcomp
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 friends	nmod:poss
8	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 friends	nummod
9	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 disappoint	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 begged	punct
11	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 begged	nsubj:pass
12	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 begged	aux
13	both	both	ADV	_	14 begged	advmod
14	begged	beg	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 bear	conj
15	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 begged	obj
16	sincerely	sincerely	ADV	_	14 begged	advmod
17	at	at	ADP	_	18 lunch	case
18	lunch	lunch	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 begged	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not bear	could	He						vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	disappoint	to-infinitive	He not said here	his two friends					tree rules
3	beg speech: request	past · perfect · passive			him = he	lunch		both, sincerely property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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