Test 10 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road…

Looking back: at the start of the trip, Toad said carts were «the real life». What does he call carts now?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Toad, carts · What happens: look back, say, be, start, call · To what, where: real life, trip, carts · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 32 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Looking back: at the start of the trip, Toad said carts were «the real life».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Looking	look	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 said	advcl
2	back	back	ADV	_	1 Looking	advmod
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 start	punct
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 start	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 start	det
6	start	start	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Looking	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 trip	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 trip	det
9	trip	trip	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 start	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Looking	punct
11	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 said	nsubj
12	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	carts	cart	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 life	nsubj
14	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 life	cop
15	«	«	PUNCT	_	18 life	punct
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 life	det
17	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 life	amod
18	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 said	ccomp
19	»	»	PUNCT	_	18 life	punct
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	look back	gerund	Toad not said here		at the start of the trip	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at start=Theme
2	say speech: assert	past	Toad			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	is a in a quote	past	carts	the real life		tree rules
4	start			the trip		nom start «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does he call carts now?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 call	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 call	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 call	nsubj
4	call	call	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	carts	cart	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 call	obj
6	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 call	advmod
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 call	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	present · do-support	Toad	carts			now		vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme cart=Result

The options

Option 1

«Ordinary carts for farmers»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 carts	punct
2	Ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 carts	amod
3	carts	cart	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 farmers	case
5	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 carts	nmod
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 carts	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

«The most dreadful little carts on the whole wide road»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 carts	punct
2	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 carts	det
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 dreadful	advmod
4	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 carts	amod
5	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 carts	amod
6	carts	cart	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	on	on	ADP	_	11 road	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 road	det
9	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 road	amod
10	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 road	amod
11	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 carts	nmod
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 carts	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

«Horrid, dusty, slow carts that no gentleman would ever drive»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 carts	punct
2	Horrid	horrid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 carts	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Horrid	punct
4	dusty	dusty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 carts	amod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 dusty	punct
6	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 carts	amod
7	carts	cart	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 drive	obj
9	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	10 gentleman	det
10	gentleman	gentleman	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 drive	nsubj
11	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 drive	aux
12	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	13 drive	advmod
13	drive	drive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 carts	parataxis
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 drive	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive in a quote	would	no gentleman	that			ever		vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

«Horrid little carts—common carts»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 carts	punct
2	Horrid	horrid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 carts	amod
3	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 carts	amod
4	carts	cart	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	—	-	PUNCT	_	7 carts	punct
6	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 carts	amod
7	carts	cart	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 carts	conj
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 carts	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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