Test 2 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road…
Why is Toad smiling while his cart lies smashed?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Toad · What happens: smile, smash · To what, where: cart
This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 32 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 smiling | advmod |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 smiling | aux |
| 3 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 smiling | nsubj |
| 4 | smiling | smile | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 9 smashed | mark |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 cart | nmod:poss |
| 7 | cart | cart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 smashed | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | lies | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 smashed | aux:pass |
| 9 | smashed | smash | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 smiling | advcl |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 smiling | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | smile | present · progressive | Toad | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | smash | present · passive | Toad's cart | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
He's sure the crash was the best thing that ever happened to him
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 sure | nsubj |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 sure | cop |
| 3 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 crash | det |
| 5 | crash | crash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 thing | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 thing | cop |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 thing | det |
| 8 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 9 thing | amod |
| 9 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sure | ccomp |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 happened | nsubj |
| 11 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 12 happened | advmod |
| 12 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 thing | acl:relcl |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 him | case |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 happened | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | He | sure property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | the crash | the best thing | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | happen | past | the best thing | him = he | ever | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2
He's been told he will get a new cart and a horse by Christmas
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 told | nsubj |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 told | aux |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 told | aux:pass |
| 4 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 get | nsubj |
| 6 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 get | aux |
| 7 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 told | ccomp |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 cart | det |
| 9 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 cart | amod |
| 10 | cart | cart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 get | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 horse | cc |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 horse | det |
| 13 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 cart | conj |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 Christmas | case |
| 15 | Christmas | Christmas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 get | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | present · passive | He | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | get | future | he | a new cart and a horse | by Christmas | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cart=Stimulus |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
He's in love with the motor-car
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 love | nsubj |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 love | cop |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 love | case |
| 4 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 car | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 car | det |
| 7 | motor | motor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 car | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 motor | punct |
| 9 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 love | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | He | love | with the motor car | tree rules |
Option 4
He's dreaming of more crashes
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 dreaming | nsubj |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 dreaming | aux |
| 3 | dreaming | dream | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 crashes | case |
| 5 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 6 crashes | amod |
| 6 | crashes | crash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 dreaming | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dream | present · progressive | He | of more crashes | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/t2/