Exam question 3 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter III, part 2: The Wild Woo…

Select the response which most accurately characterises the evidence by which the Rat determined his friend's direction.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, Rat · What happens: select, characteris, determine · To what, where: response, direction

This is exam question 3 of lesson 34 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter III, part 2: The Wild Wood (the faces, the whistling, the pattering — and the Rat sets out)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 characterises	obj
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 response	acl:relcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 evidence	det
9	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 characterises	obj
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 which	case
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 determined	obl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Rat	det
13	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 determined	nsubj
14	determined	determine	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 evidence	acl
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 friend	nmod:poss
16	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 direction	nmod:poss
17	's	's	PART	_	16 friend	case
18	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 determined	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	characteris	present		the response	accurately property	tree rules
3	determine	past	the Rat	Rat's friend's direction	by the evidence	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Fresh sharp golosh prints in the mud, plainly leading straight towards the edge of the Wild Wood

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 prints	amod
2	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 prints	amod
3	golosh	golosh	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 prints	compound
4	prints	print	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 mud	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 mud	det
7	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 prints	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 leading	punct
9	plainly	plainly	ADV	_	10 leading	advmod
10	leading	lead	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 prints	acl
11	straight	straight	ADV	_	10 leading	advmod
12	towards	towards	ADP	_	14 edge	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 edge	det
14	edge	edge	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 leading	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	18 Wood	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 Wood	det
17	Wild	Wild	PROPN	_	18 Wood	flat
18	Wood	Wood	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 edge	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lead	gerund	Fresh sharp golosh prints in the mud not said here			the edge of the Wild Wood		plainly, straight property	vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent towards edge=Destination

Option 2

Mole-scented leaves and a trail of crumbs scattered all the way toward the dark trees

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mole	Mole	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 scented	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Mole	punct
3	scented	scent	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 leaves	amod
4	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 trail	cc
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 trail	det
7	trail	trail	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leaves	conj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 crumbs	case
9	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 trail	nmod
10	scattered	scatter	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 crumbs	acl
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	13 way	det:predet
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 way	det
13	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 scattered	obl:unmarked
14	toward	toward	ADP	_	17 trees	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 trees	det
16	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 trees	amod
17	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 scattered	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scent	participle							vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent
2	scatter	participle	crumbs not said here	all way		the dark trees			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme toward tree=Destination

Option 3

Fresh golosh tracks to the field

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 tracks	amod
2	golosh	golosh	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tracks	compound
3	tracks	track	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 field	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 field	det
6	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tracks	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Fresh golosh prints leading to the Wood

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 prints	amod
2	golosh	golosh	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prints	compound
3	prints	print	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	leading	lead	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 prints	acl
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 Wood	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Wood	det
7	Wood	Wood	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 leading	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lead	gerund	Fresh golosh prints not said here					to the Wood	vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to wood=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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