Exam question 4 · Aesop's Fables, The Ass, the Fox, and the Lion, part 1: a…

What is the principal lesson conveyed by the fable of the Wild Boar and the Fox?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be, convey · To what, where: principal lesson

This is exam question 4 of lesson 366 «Aesop's Fables, The Ass, the Fox, and the Lion, part 1: a sly Fox plots to trap his foolish Ass friend in a pit for a hungry Lion» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 lesson	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 lesson	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 lesson	det
4	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 lesson	amod
5	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	conveyed	convey	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 lesson	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 fable	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 fable	det
9	fable	fable	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 conveyed	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 Boar	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Boar	det
12	Wild	Wild	PROPN	_	13 Boar	flat
13	Boar	Boar	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 fable	nmod
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 Fox	cc
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Fox	det
16	Fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 Boar	conj
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 lesson	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		the principal lesson					tree rules
2	convey	participle		the principal lesson not said here				by the fable of the Wild Boar and the Fox	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Friendship is the best guarantee of peace

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Friendship	friendship	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 guarantee	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 guarantee	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 guarantee	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 guarantee	amod
5	guarantee	guarantee	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 peace	case
7	peace	peace	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 guarantee	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Friendship	the best guarantee				of peace	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Preparedness for war is the best guarantee of peace

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Preparedness	preparedness	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 guarantee	nsubj
2	for	for	ADP	_	3 war	case
3	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Preparedness	nmod
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 guarantee	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 guarantee	det
6	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 guarantee	amod
7	guarantee	guarantee	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 peace	case
9	peace	peace	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 guarantee	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Preparedness for war	the best guarantee				of peace	tree rules

Option 3

Those who hunt for pleasure are often the first to be attacked by the stronger beasts

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	9 first	nsubj
2	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 hunt	nsubj
3	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Those	acl:relcl
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 pleasure	case
5	pleasure	pleasure	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hunt	obl
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 first	cop
7	often	often	ADV	_	9 first	advmod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 first	det
9	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	root	root
10	to	to	PART	_	12 attacked	mark
11	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	12 attacked	aux:pass
12	attacked	attack	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 first	advcl
13	by	by	ADP	_	16 beasts	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 beasts	det
15	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	16 beasts	amod
16	beasts	beast	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 attacked	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	hunt	present		for pleasure	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent for pleasure=Theme
2	is	present	Those	first, often property	tree rules
3	attack	to-infinitive · passive	the stronger beasts		vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Never trust a fox, for he will always betray you when you least expect it in the woods

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	2 trust	advmod
2	trust	trust	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 fox	det
4	fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 trust	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 betray	punct
6	for	for	SCONJ	_	10 betray	mark
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 betray	nsubj
8	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 betray	aux
9	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	10 betray	advmod
10	betray	betray	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 trust	conj
11	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 betray	obj
12	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	15 expect	advmod
13	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	15 expect	nsubj
14	least	least	ADV	Degree=Sup	15 expect	advmod
15	expect	expect	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 betray	parataxis
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 expect	obj
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 woods	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 woods	det
19	woods	wood	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 expect	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	not trust	imperative	you not said here	a fox			vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fox=Theme
2	betray	future	fox	you		always property	tree rules
3	expect	infinitive	you	it	the woods	least property	vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/366-pg19994-part5/e4/