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Test 2 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 1: Mr. Badger (t…

Grandad, reading aloud: «down at heel, love — like my old slippers». What does «down at heel» mean?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Grandad · What happens: read, mean · To what, where: love, heel

This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 37 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 1: Mr. Badger (the door in the snow and the fire-lit kitchen)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Grandad, reading aloud: «down at heel, love — like my old slippers».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 reading	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 reading	punct
3	reading	read	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	aloud	aloud	ADV	_	3 reading	advmod
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 reading	punct
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 down	punct
7	down	down	ADV	_	3 reading	conj
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 heel	case
9	heel	heel	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 down	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 love	punct
11	love	love	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reading	obl
12	—	-	PUNCT	_	16 slippers	punct
13	like	like	ADP	_	16 slippers	case
14	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 slippers	nmod:poss
15	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 slippers	amod
16	slippers	slipper	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 reading	obl
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	16 slippers	punct
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 reading	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read	gerund	Grandad	love				like my old slippers; aloud property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does «down at heel» mean?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	8 mean	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 mean	aux
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 down	punct
4	down	down	ADV	_	8 mean	advmod
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 heel	case
6	heel	heel	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 mean	obl
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 heel	punct
8	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present · do-support				heel		down property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Worn out and squashed down at the back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	out	out	ADP	_	1 Worn	compound:prt
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 squashed	cc
4	squashed	squash	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Worn	conj
5	down	down	ADP	_	4 squashed	compound:prt
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 back	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 back	det
8	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 squashed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wear out	participle							vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent
2	squash down	participle				the back			vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent at back=Trajectory

Option 2

Badly fitting, pinching the heels

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 fitting	advmod
2	fitting	fitting	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 pinching	punct
4	pinching	pinch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 fitting	advcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 heels	det
6	heels	heel	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 pinching	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pinch	gerund		the heels					vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heel=Theme

Option 3

Ill, with a sore heel that has been rubbed raw by walking through the snow for many long miles

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ill	ill	ADV	_	6 heel	advmod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Ill	punct
3	with	with	ADP	_	6 heel	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 heel	det
5	sore	sore	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 heel	amod
6	heel	heel	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 rubbed	nsubj:pass
8	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 rubbed	aux
9	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	10 rubbed	aux:pass
10	rubbed	rub	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 heel	acl:relcl
11	raw	raw	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 rubbed	xcomp
12	by	by	SCONJ	_	13 walking	mark
13	walking	walk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 rubbed	advcl
14	through	through	ADP	_	16 snow	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 snow	det
16	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 walking	obl
17	for	for	ADP	_	20 miles	case
18	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 miles	amod
19	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 miles	amod
20	miles	mile	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 walking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rub	present · perfect · passive		a sore heel				raw property	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme
2	walk	gerund				the snow		for many long miles	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through snow=Trajectory

Option 4

Worn out and squashed down at the back, like slippers that have been trodden on for years by a tired walker

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	out	out	ADP	_	1 Worn	compound:prt
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 squashed	cc
4	squashed	squash	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Worn	conj
5	down	down	ADP	_	4 squashed	compound:prt
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 back	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 back	det
8	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 squashed	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 slippers	punct
10	like	like	ADP	_	11 slippers	case
11	slippers	slipper	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Worn	obl
12	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 trodden	nsubj:pass
13	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 trodden	aux
14	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	15 trodden	aux:pass
15	trodden	tread	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 slippers	acl:relcl
16	on	on	ADP	_	15 trodden	compound:prt
17	for	for	ADP	_	18 years	case
18	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 trodden	obl
19	by	by	ADP	_	22 walker	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 walker	det
21	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 walker	amod
22	walker	walker	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 trodden	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wear out	participle						like slippers	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent
2	squash down	participle				the back			vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent at back=Trajectory
3	tread on	present · perfect · passive	a tired walker	slippers			year		vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/37-willows-ch4-part1-mr-badger/t2/