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Test 15 · ★★ · Alice in Wonderland, chapter III, part 1: The driest thing…

★★★ The Lory says "I am older than you, and must know better". Why is that not a good reason?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★ · What happens: say, be, know, not be · To what, where: good reason · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 15 · ★★ of lesson 5 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter III, part 1: The driest thing and the Caucus-race» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ The Lory says "I am older than you, and must know better".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 says	nsubj
2	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
3	★	★	ADP	_	5 Lory	case
4	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Lory	det
5	Lory	Lory	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 ★	nmod
6	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 older	punct
8	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 older	nsubj
9	am	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 older	cop
10	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 says	ccomp
11	than	than	ADP	_	12 you	case
12	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 older	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 know	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 know	cc
15	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 know	aux
16	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 says	ccomp
17	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	16 know	advmod
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	16 know	punct
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	★ ★ the Lory						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is in a quote	present	★ ★ the Lory = ★					than you; old property	tree rules
3	know in a quote	must						well property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is that not a good reason?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 reason	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 reason	cop
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 reason	mark
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 reason	advmod
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 reason	det
6	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 reason	amod
7	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 reason	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is a	present		a good reason					tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Being older does not prove you are right

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 older	cop
2	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 prove	csubj
3	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 prove	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 prove	advmod
5	prove	prove	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 right	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 right	cop
8	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 prove	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	gerund						old property	tree rules
2	not prove	present · do-support							vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	you					right property	tree rules

Option 2

Because the Lory is a bird and birds cannot be trusted to know anything about anything at all

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	3 Lory	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Lory	det
3	Lory	Lory	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 bird	obl
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bird	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bird	det
6	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 trusted	nsubj:pass
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 birds	cc
8	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bird	conj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 trusted	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 trusted	advmod
11	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	12 trusted	aux:pass
12	trusted	trust	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
13	to	to	PART	_	14 know	mark
14	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 trusted	xcomp
15	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	14 know	obj
16	about	about	ADP	_	17 anything	case
17	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	15 anything	nmod
18	at	at	ADP	_	19 all	case
19	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	14 know	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a bird and birds				because the Lory	tree rules
2	not trust	can · passive		a bird and birds					tree rules
3	know	to-infinitive		anything		all		about anything	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer anything=Stimulus

Option 3

Being older only means you are taller

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 older	cop
2	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 means	advcl
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 means	advmod
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 taller	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 taller	cop
7	taller	tall	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 means	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	gerund						old property	tree rules
2	mean	present							vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	you					tall property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Because the Lory never told anyone how old it was, so nobody could check its claim properly

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	3 Lory	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Lory	det
3	Lory	Lory	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 told	obl
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 told	advmod
5	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 told	iobj
7	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	8 old	advmod
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 told	ccomp
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 old	nsubj
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 old	cop
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 check	punct
12	so	so	ADV	_	15 check	advmod
13	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	15 check	nsubj
14	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 check	aux
15	check	check	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 told	conj
16	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 claim	nmod:poss
17	claim	claim	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 check	obj
18	properly	properly	ADV	_	15 check	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not tell speech: assert	past			anyone			because the Lory	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent anyone=Recipient
2	is	past	Lory					old property	tree rules
3	check	could	nobody	Lory's claim				properly property	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent claim=Theme
4	claim		Lory						nom claim «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/5-alice-ch3-part1-a-caucus-race/t15/