Test 12 · ★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 1: Toad's Adve…

Looking back: which earlier scene also shows Toad's moods swinging fast?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Looking, moods · What happens: look back, scene, show, swing · To what, where: moods · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 52 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 1: Toad's Adventures (the gaoler's daughter and the buttered toast)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Looking	look	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 shows	csubj
2	back	back	ADV	_	1 Looking	advmod
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 scene	punct
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 scene	nsubj
5	earlier	early	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 scene	amod
6	scene	scene	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Looking	obl
7	also	also	ADV	_	8 shows	advmod
8	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 moods	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 Toad	case
11	moods	mood	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 shows	obj
12	swinging	swing	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 moods	acl
13	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	12 swinging	advmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	look back	gerund				vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	scene					tree rules
3	show	present	Looking	Toad's moods		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent mood=Recipient
4	swing	gerund	Toad's moods not said here		fast property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The motor-car crash

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 crash	det
2	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 car	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 motor	punct
4	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 crash	compound
5	crash	crash	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Toad sobbing on the river bank, then boasting of his cleverness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 sobbing	nsubj
2	sobbing	sob	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	6 bank	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bank	det
5	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bank	compound
6	bank	bank	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sobbing	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 boasting	punct
8	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	9 boasting	advmod
9	boasting	boast	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 sobbing	conj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 cleverness	case
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 cleverness	nmod:poss
12	cleverness	cleverness	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 boasting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sob	gerund	Toad			the river bank			vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	boast speech: other	gerund	Toad not said here				then	of Toad's cleverness	vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Toad singing loudly in the wood while the policemen came

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 came	nsubj
2	singing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Toad	acl
3	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	2 singing	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 wood	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 wood	det
6	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 singing	obl
7	while	while	SCONJ	_	9 policemen	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 policemen	det
9	policemen	policeman	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 singing	advcl
10	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	gerund	Toad not said here			the wood		loudly property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wood=Location
2	come	past	Toad						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Sobbing in Badger's smoking-room, then saying «I'm not sorry»

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sobbing	sob	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 saying	csubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	7 room	case
3	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 room	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 Badger	case
5	smoking	smoking	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 room	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 smoking	punct
7	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Sobbing	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 saying	punct
9	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 saying	advmod
10	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	15 sorry	punct
12	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	15 sorry	nsubj
13	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 sorry	cop
14	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 sorry	advmod
15	sorry	sorry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 saying	ccomp
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	15 sorry	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	sob	gerund			in Badger's smoking room	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in room=Theme
2	say speech: assert	gerund	Sobbing	then		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	not is in a quote	present	Sobbing		sorry property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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