Exam question 4 · Myths of Ancient Greece, Jason and the Golden Fleece, part…

Describe the manner in which Hera revealed herself to Jason after the river crossing.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, Hera · What happens: describe, reveal · To what, where: manner, Hera, Jason

This is exam question 4 of lesson 537 «Myths of Ancient Greece, Jason and the Golden Fleece, part 43: Jason crosses a river, meets his uncle, and sails to Lemnos» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Describe	describe	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 manner	det
3	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Describe	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 revealed	obl
6	Hera	Hera	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 revealed	nsubj
7	revealed	reveal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 manner	acl:relcl
8	herself	herself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	7 revealed	obj
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 Jason	case
10	Jason	Jason	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 revealed	obl
11	after	after	ADP	_	14 crossing	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 crossing	det
13	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 crossing	compound
14	crossing	crossing	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 revealed	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Describe	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	describe	imperative	you not said here	the manner					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent manner=Theme
2	reveal	past	Hera	Hera	Jason	the manner	after the river crossing		vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent herself=Topic to jason=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

By turning into a glowing woman on the far bank

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 turning	mark
2	turning	turn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	6 woman	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 woman	det
5	glowing	glow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 woman	amod
6	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turning	obl
7	on	on	ADP	_	10 bank	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 bank	det
9	far	far	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 bank	amod
10	bank	bank	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turning	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	gerund				the far bank		into a glowing woman	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme into woman=Source on bank=Trajectory
2	glow	gerund							vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

By being transformed into a beautiful woman on the shore

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	3 transformed	mark
2	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 transformed	aux:pass
3	transformed	transform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	7 woman	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 woman	det
6	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 woman	amod
7	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 transformed	obl:agent
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 shore	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 shore	det
10	shore	shore	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 woman	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transform	gerund · passive	a beautiful woman on the shore						vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

By changing into a tall beauty standing on the riverside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 changing	mark
2	changing	change	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	6 beauty	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 beauty	det
5	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 beauty	amod
6	beauty	beauty	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 changing	obl
7	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 beauty	acl
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 riverside	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 riverside	det
10	riverside	riverside	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 standing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	gerund						into a tall beauty result	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into beauty=Result
2	stand	gerund	a tall beauty not said here			the riverside			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on riverside=Location

Option 4

By speaking to him from a burning tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 speaking	mark
2	speaking	speak	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 him	case
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 speaking	obl
5	from	from	ADP	_	8 tree	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 tree	det
7	burning	burning	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 tree	compound
8	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 speaking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	gerund			him = he	a burning tree			vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to he=Co-Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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