Exam question 1 · Greek Myths, The Argonauts, part 44: the Argonauts fight,…

exam: Identify the principal figure who, having been deprived of his leader, closed the gates of his city in the course of the nocturnal conflict.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: principal figure · What happens: identify, deprive, close · To what, where: principal figure, gates

This is exam question 1 of lesson 538 «Greek Myths, The Argonauts, part 44: the Argonauts fight, lose friends, pass the clashing rocks and reach Colchis» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	exam	exam	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 Identify	punct
3	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 exam	appos
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 figure	det
5	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 figure	amod
6	figure	figure	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 Identify	obj
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 deprived	nsubj:pass
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 deprived	punct
9	having	have	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 deprived	aux
10	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	11 deprived	aux:pass
11	deprived	deprive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 figure	acl:relcl
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 leader	case
13	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 leader	nmod:poss
14	leader	leader	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 deprived	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 closed	punct
16	closed	close	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 figure	acl:relcl
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 gates	det
18	gates	gate	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 closed	obj
19	of	of	ADP	_	21 city	case
20	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 city	nmod:poss
21	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 gates	nmod
22	in	in	ADP	_	24 course	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 course	det
24	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 city	nmod
25	of	of	ADP	_	28 conflict	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 conflict	det
27	nocturnal	nocturnal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 conflict	amod
28	conflict	conflict	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 course	nmod
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 exam	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	infinitive		the principal figure		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent figure=Theme
2	deprive	gerund · perfect · passive		the principal figure	of his leader	vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Source of leader=Theme
3	close	participle	the principal figure not said here	the gates of his city in the course of the nocturnal conflict		vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gate=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The Pelasgians who lived beside the harbour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Pelasgians	det
2	Pelasgians	Pelasgian	PROPN	Number=Plur	4 lived	nsubj
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 lived	nsubj
4	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	beside	beside	ADP	_	7 harbour	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 harbour	det
7	harbour	harbour	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	the Pelasgians			the harbour			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beside harbour=Location

Option 2

The inhabitants of the island who had received the Argonauts kindly, and their young king who later was killed in the dark

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 inhabitants	det
2	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 island	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 island	det
5	island	island	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 inhabitants	nmod
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 received	nsubj
7	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 received	aux
8	received	receive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 island	acl:relcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Argonauts	det
10	Argonauts	argonaut	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 received	obj
11	kindly	kindly	ADV	_	8 received	advmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 killed	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 killed	cc
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 king	nmod:poss
15	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 king	amod
16	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 killed	nsubj:pass
17	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 killed	nsubj:pass
18	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	20 killed	advmod
19	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 killed	aux:pass
20	killed	kill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 inhabitants	acl
21	in	in	ADP	_	23 dark	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 dark	det
23	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 killed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	receive	past · perfect	the island	the Argonauts				kindly property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent argonaut=Theme
2	kill	past · passive		Argonauts's young king		the dark		late property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The inhabitants of the island, namely the Doliones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 inhabitants	det
2	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 Doliones	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 island	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 island	det
5	island	island	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 inhabitants	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 namely	punct
7	namely	namely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 Doliones	amod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Doliones	det
9	Doliones	Dolione	PROPN	Number=Plur	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

The islanders, the Doliones, who had once been descended from Poseidon and who attacked the heroes because of a dark mistake

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 islanders	det
2	islanders	islander	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 Doliones	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 islanders	punct
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Doliones	det
5	Doliones	Dolione	PROPN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 descended	punct
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 descended	nsubj
8	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 descended	aux
9	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	11 descended	advmod
10	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	11 descended	aux:pass
11	descended	descend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 Doliones	acl
12	from	from	ADP	_	13 Poseidon	case
13	Poseidon	Poseidon	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 descended	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 attacked	cc
15	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 attacked	nsubj
16	attacked	attack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 descended	conj
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 heroes	det
18	heroes	hero	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 attacked	obj
19	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	23 mistake	case
20	of	of	ADP	_	19 because	fixed
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 mistake	det
22	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 mistake	amod
23	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 attacked	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	descend	past · perfect · passive		the Doliones		Poseidon		once property	vn meander-47.7-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
2	attack	past		the heroes				because a dark mistake	vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hero=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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