Exam question 2 · Greek Myths, The Argonauts, part 44: the Argonauts fight,…

exam: State the manner by which the heroes overcame the avian creatures of Aretias, as recorded in the narrative.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: heroes · What happens: overcome, record · To what, where: avian creatures, narrative

This is exam question 2 of lesson 538 «Greek Myths, The Argonauts, part 44: the Argonauts fight, lose friends, pass the clashing rocks and reach Colchis» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	exam	exam	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 State	punct
3	State	State	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 exam	appos
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 manner	det
5	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 State	appos
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 which	case
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 overcame	obl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 heroes	det
9	heroes	hero	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 overcame	nsubj
10	overcame	overcome	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 manner	acl:relcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 creatures	det
12	avian	avian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 creatures	amod
13	creatures	creature	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 overcame	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 Aretias	case
15	Aretias	Aretias	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 creatures	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 recorded	punct
17	as	as	SCONJ	_	18 recorded	mark
18	recorded	record	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 overcame	conj
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 narrative	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 narrative	det
21	narrative	narrative	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 recorded	obl
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 exam	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	overcome	past	the heroes	the avian creatures of Aretias				by the manner	vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot creature=Theme
2	record	participle	the heroes not said here			the narrative			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in narrative=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They donned bronze helmets, raised their shields in a line, and uttered such fearful cries that the birds fled into the sea

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 donned	nsubj
2	donned	don	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	bronze	bronze	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 helmets	compound
4	helmets	helmet	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 donned	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 raised	punct
6	raised	raise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 donned	conj
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 shields	nmod:poss
8	shields	shield	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 raised	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 line	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 line	det
11	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 raised	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 uttered	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 uttered	cc
14	uttered	utter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 donned	conj
15	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 cries	amod
16	fearful	fearful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 cries	amod
17	cries	cry	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 uttered	obj
18	that	that	SCONJ	_	21 fled	mark
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 birds	det
20	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 fled	nsubj
21	fled	flee	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 uttered	advcl
22	into	into	ADP	_	24 sea	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 sea	det
24	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 fled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	don	past	They	bronze helmets		vn simple_dressing-41.3.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme
2	raise	past	They not said here	helmets's shields	a line	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent shield=Theme in line=Destination
3	utter speech: other	past	They not said here	such fearful cries		vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent cry=Topic
4	flee	past	the birds		the sea	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into sea=Initial_Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

They covered themselves with cloaks and sang a hymn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 covered	nsubj
2	covered	cover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 covered	obj
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 cloaks	case
5	cloaks	cloak	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 covered	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 sang	cc
7	sang	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 covered	conj
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 hymn	det
9	hymn	hymn	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sang	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	past	They	themselves = they				with cloaks	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent themselves=Destination with cloak=Theme
2	sing speech: express	past	They not said here	a hymn					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hymn=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They donned helmets, raised shields, and uttered fearful cries

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 donned	nsubj
2	donned	don	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	helmets	helmet	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 donned	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 shields	punct
5	raised	raise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 shields	amod
6	shields	shield	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 helmets	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 uttered	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 uttered	cc
9	uttered	utter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 donned	conj
10	fearful	fearful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 cries	amod
11	cries	cry	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 uttered	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	don	past	They	helmets and raised shields	vn simple_dressing-41.3.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme
2	raise	participle			vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	utter speech: other	past	They not said here	fearful cries	vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent cry=Topic

Option 4

They struck the birds with bronze swords and fell back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 struck	nsubj
2	struck	strike	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 birds	det
4	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 struck	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 swords	case
6	bronze	bronze	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 swords	compound
7	swords	sword	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 struck	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 fell	cc
9	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 struck	conj
10	back	back	ADV	_	9 fell	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	strike	past	They	the birds				with bronze swords	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent bird=Patient with sword=Instrument
2	fall back	past	They not said here						vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/538-pg22381-part44/e2/