Exam question 1 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 3: Toad's Adve…

Identify the impediment which frustrated the prisoner's purchase of a railway ticket.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, impediment, prisoner · What happens: identify, frustrate, purchase · To what, where: impediment, purchase, railway ticket

This is exam question 1 of lesson 54 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 3: Toad's Adventures (no money, no pocket, and the engine-driver)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 impediment	det
3	impediment	impediment	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 frustrated	nsubj
5	frustrated	frustrate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 impediment	acl:relcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 prisoner	det
7	prisoner	prisoner	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 purchase	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 prisoner	case
9	purchase	purchase	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 frustrated	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 ticket	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 ticket	det
12	railway	railway	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ticket	compound
13	ticket	ticket	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 purchase	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the impediment	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent impediment=Theme
2	frustrate	past	the impediment	the prisoner's purchase of a railway ticket	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus purchase=Experiencer
3	purchase		the prisoner	a railway ticket	nom purchase «act transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The absence of money, pocket and waistcoat alike, these having been left in his cell

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 absence	det
2	absence	absence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 money	case
4	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 absence	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 pocket	punct
6	pocket	pocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 money	conj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 waistcoat	cc
8	waistcoat	waistcoat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 pocket	conj
9	alike	alike	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 waistcoat	xcomp
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 left	punct
11	these	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	14 left	nsubj:pass
12	having	have	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 left	aux
13	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	14 left	aux:pass
14	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 absence	acl
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 cell	case
16	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 cell	nmod:poss
17	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 left	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	waistcoat	infinitive				alike property	tree rules
2	leave	gerund · perfect · passive	the absence of money and pocket not said here	these	his cell		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in cell=Location
3	absent			money and pocket			nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

His missing motor-car and the clerk's bad temper at the window

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 car	nmod:poss
2	missing	missing	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 car	amod
3	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 car	compound
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 motor	punct
5	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 temper	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 clerk	det
8	clerk	clerk	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 temper	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 clerk	case
10	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 temper	amod
11	temper	temper	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 car	conj
12	at	at	ADP	_	14 window	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 window	det
14	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 car	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	temper		the clerk						nom temper «feeling transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

The clerk's insistence on prepayment, the absence of any money, and the prisoner's refusal to give up his cell keys at the window

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 clerk	det
2	clerk	clerk	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 insistence	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 clerk	case
4	insistence	insistence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 prepayment	case
6	prepayment	prepayment	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 insistence	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 absence	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 absence	det
9	absence	absence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 insistence	appos
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 money	case
11	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	12 money	det
12	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 absence	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 refusal	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 refusal	cc
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 prisoner	det
16	prisoner	prisoner	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 refusal	nmod:poss
17	's	's	PART	_	16 prisoner	case
18	refusal	refusal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 insistence	conj
19	to	to	PART	_	20 give	mark
20	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 refusal	acl
21	up	up	ADP	_	20 give	compound:prt
22	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	24 keys	nmod:poss
23	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 keys	compound
24	keys	key	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 give	obj
25	at	at	ADP	_	27 window	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 window	det
27	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 give	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	give up	to-infinitive		his cell keys	the window	vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent key=Source
2	insist		the clerk		prepayment	nom insistence «communication intransitive»: poss=agent on=place
3	absent			any money		nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient
4	refuse		the prisoner			nom refusal «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

The clerk refused him because of a lost ticket and his muddy boots

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 clerk	det
2	clerk	clerk	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 refused	nsubj
3	refused	refuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 refused	obj
5	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	9 ticket	case
6	of	of	ADP	_	5 because	fixed
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 ticket	det
8	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 ticket	amod
9	ticket	ticket	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 refused	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 boots	cc
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 boots	nmod:poss
12	muddy	muddy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 boots	amod
13	boots	boot	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 ticket	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	refuse	past	the clerk	him = he				because a lost ticket and clerk's muddy boots	vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
2	lose	participle							vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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