Exam question 3 · Greek Myths, The Trojan War, part 61: Hector dies, Achille…

Which of the following accurately identifies the prize that was awarded in the funereal games held in honour of Achilles?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, identify, award, hold, honour · To what, where: prize, funereal games, honour, Achilles

This is exam question 3 of lesson 555 «Greek Myths, The Trojan War, part 61: Hector dies, Achilles drags his body, Penthesilea falls, Achilles dies» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 identifies	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 identifies	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 identifies	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 identifies	nsubj
5	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	6 identifies	advmod
6	identifies	identify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 prize	det
8	prize	prize	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 identifies	obj
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 awarded	nsubj:pass
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 awarded	aux:pass
11	awarded	award	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 prize	acl:relcl
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 games	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 games	det
14	funereal	funereal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 games	amod
15	games	game	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 awarded	obl
16	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 games	acl
17	in	in	ADP	_	18 honour	case
18	honour	honour	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 held	obl
19	of	of	ADP	_	20 Achilles	case
20	Achilles	Achilles	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 honour	nmod
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 identifies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	identify	present	the prize		accurately property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent prize=Theme
3	award	past · passive	the prize	the funereal games		vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme
4	hold	participle	the funereal games not said here	honour of Achilles		vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in honour=Location
5	honour		Achilles			nom honour «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

the armour made for Achilles by Hephaestus, which was then awarded to Odysseus by the vote of the Greek leaders

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 armour	det
2	armour	armour	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 armour	acl
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 Achilles	case
5	Achilles	Achilles	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 Hephaestus	case
7	Hephaestus	Hephaestus	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 awarded	punct
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 awarded	nsubj:pass
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 awarded	aux:pass
11	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 awarded	advmod
12	awarded	award	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 armour	acl
13	to	to	ADP	_	14 Odysseus	case
14	Odysseus	Odysseus	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 awarded	obl
15	by	by	ADP	_	17 vote	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 vote	det
17	vote	vote	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 awarded	obl
18	of	of	ADP	_	21 leaders	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 leaders	det
20	Greek	Greek	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 leaders	amod
21	leaders	leader	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 vote	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle		the armour not said here			for Achilles; by Hephaestus	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for achilles=Beneficiary
2	award	past · passive	the vote of the Greek leaders	the armour	Odysseus	then		vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent subject=Theme to odysseus=Goal
3	vote			the Greek leaders				nom vote «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

the chariot of Achilles, won by Diomedes in the race

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 chariot	det
2	chariot	chariot	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Achilles	case
4	Achilles	Achilles	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 chariot	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 won	punct
6	won	win	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 chariot	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 Diomedes	case
8	Diomedes	Diomedes	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 won	obl:agent
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 race	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 race	det
11	race	race	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 won	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	participle		the chariot of Achilles not said here		the race			vn succeed-74-2 «NP V PP.eventuality S_ING»: agent=Agent in race=Eventuality

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

the armour made for him by Hephaestus, awarded to Odysseus

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 armour	det
2	armour	armour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	nsubj
3	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 him	case
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 made	obl
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 Hephaestus	case
7	Hephaestus	Hephaestus	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 awarded	punct
9	awarded	award	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 made	conj
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 Odysseus	case
11	Odysseus	Odysseus	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 awarded	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	the armour					for him = he; by Hephaestus	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for he=Beneficiary
2	award	participle	the armour not said here		Odysseus				vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to odysseus=Goal

Option 4

the bronze shield forged by Hephaestus, given to Diomedes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 shield	det
2	bronze	bronze	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shield	compound
3	shield	shield	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	forged	forge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 shield	acl
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 Hephaestus	case
6	Hephaestus	Hephaestus	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 forged	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 given	punct
8	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 shield	acl
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 Diomedes	case
10	Diomedes	Diomedes	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 given	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forge	participle		the bronze shield not said here				by Hephaestus	vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by hephaestus=Destination
2	give	participle		the bronze shield not said here	Diomedes				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to diomedes=Recipient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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