Test 12 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Ad…

Looking back: in chapter VI, Badger made Toad promise to give up motor-cars. What did Toad say afterwards?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Badger, Toad · What happens: look back, make, promise, give up, say · To what, where: Toad, motor cars · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 · ★★★ of lesson 64 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Adventures of Toad (the horse-pond, the chase and a face in the bank)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Looking back: in chapter VI, Badger made Toad promise to give up motor-cars.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Looking	look	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 made	advcl
2	back	back	ADV	_	1 Looking	advmod
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 chapter	punct
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 chapter	case
5	chapter	chapter	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Looking	obl
6	VI	VI	NUM	NumForm=Roman NumType=Card	5 chapter	flat
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Looking	punct
8	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 made	nsubj
9	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 made	obj
11	promise	promise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 made	xcomp
12	to	to	PART	_	13 give	mark
13	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 promise	xcomp
14	up	up	ADP	_	13 give	compound:prt
15	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 cars	compound
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	15 motor	punct
17	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 give	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	look back	gerund	Badger not said here		in chapter	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in chapter=Theme
2	make	past	Badger	Toad		tree rules
3	promise speech: promise	infinitive	Toad not said here			vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	give up not said to happen	to-infinitive	Toad not said here	motor cars		vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What did Toad say afterwards?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 say	obj
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 say	aux
3	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 say	nsubj
4	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	afterwards	afterwards	ADV	_	4 say	advmod
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past · do-support	Toad					afterwards property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1

That he would give up motor-cars forever, and that he would walk everywhere, always, for the rest of his life

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 give	nsubj
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 give	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 give	aux
4	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 give	compound:prt
6	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 cars	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 motor	punct
8	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 give	obj
9	forever	forever	ADV	_	4 give	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 walk	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 walk	cc
12	that	that	SCONJ	_	15 walk	mark
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 walk	nsubj
14	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 walk	aux
15	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 give	parataxis
16	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	PronType=Tot	15 walk	advmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 always	punct
18	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	15 walk	advmod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 rest	punct
20	for	for	ADP	_	22 rest	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 rest	det
22	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 walk	conj
23	of	of	ADP	_	25 life	case
24	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	25 life	nmod:poss
25	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 rest	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give up	would	That	motor cars				forever property	vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Source
2	walk	would	he					always, everywhere property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

That the very first motor-car he saw, «poop-poop! off I go in it!»

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 saw	nsubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 car	det
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 first	advmod
4	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	7 car	amod
5	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 car	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 motor	punct
7	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 saw	nsubj
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 saw	nsubj
9	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 poop	punct
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	14 poop	punct
12	poop	poop	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 poop	compound
13	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 poop	punct
14	poop	poop	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 saw	obj
15	!	!	PUNCT	_	14 poop	punct
16	off	off	ADV	_	18 go	advmod
17	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 go	nsubj
18	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 saw	ccomp
19	in	in	ADP	_	20 it	case
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 go	obl
21	!	!	PUNCT	_	18 go	punct
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 saw	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past	That	poop poop					tree rules
2	go in a quote	present	I			car		off property	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in it=Location

Option 3

That he would never touch a car again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 touch	nsubj:outer
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 touch	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 touch	aux
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 touch	advmod
5	touch	touch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 car	det
7	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 touch	obj
8	again	again	ADV	_	5 touch	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not touch	would	That	a car			again		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme car=Co-Theme

Option 4

That he meant what he had said, and would certainly keep his promise to Badger for the rest of his life

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 meant	nsubj
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 meant	nsubj
3	meant	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	7 said	obj
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 said	nsubj
6	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 said	aux
7	said	say	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 meant	ccomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 keep	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 keep	cc
10	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 keep	aux
11	certainly	certainly	ADV	_	12 keep	advmod
12	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 meant	conj
13	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 promise	nmod:poss
14	promise	promise	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 keep	obj
15	to	to	ADP	_	16 Badger	case
16	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 keep	obl
17	for	for	ADP	_	19 rest	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 rest	det
19	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 keep	obl
20	of	of	ADP	_	22 life	case
21	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 life	nmod:poss
22	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 rest	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	mean	past	That				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	say speech: assert	past · perfect	he				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic
3	keep	would	That not said here	his promise	Badger	for the rest of Badger's life; certainly property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Theme
4	promise		his = he				nom promise «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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