Test 13 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Ad…

Looking back: in chapter II, after the first motor-car, the Rat said Toad was «possessed» by a new craze. Is Toad still «possessed» here?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Rat, new craze · What happens: look back, say, possess, be · To what, where: Toad · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 13 · ★★★ of lesson 64 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Adventures of Toad (the horse-pond, the chase and a face in the bank)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Looking back: in chapter II, after the first motor-car, the Rat said Toad was «possessed» by a new craze.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Looking	look	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	17 said	advcl
2	back	back	ADV	_	1 Looking	advmod
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 chapter	punct
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 chapter	case
5	chapter	chapter	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Looking	obl
6	II	II	NUM	NumForm=Roman NumType=Card	5 chapter	flat
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 car	punct
8	after	after	ADP	_	13 car	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 car	det
10	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	13 car	amod
11	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 car	compound
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 motor	punct
13	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Looking	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Looking	punct
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Rat	det
16	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 said	nsubj
17	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
18	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 possessed	nsubj:pass
19	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 possessed	aux:pass
20	«	«	PUNCT	_	21 possessed	punct
21	possessed	possess	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 said	ccomp
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	21 possessed	punct
23	by	by	ADP	_	26 craze	case
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 craze	det
25	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 craze	amod
26	craze	craze	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 possessed	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	17 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	look back	gerund	the Rat not said here		after the first motor car	in chapter	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in chapter=Theme
2	say speech: assert	past	the Rat				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	possess in a quote	past · passive	a new craze	Toad			vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is Toad still «possessed» here?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 possessed	cop
2	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 possessed	nsubj:pass
3	still	still	ADV	_	5 possessed	advmod
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 possessed	punct
5	possessed	possess	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 possessed	punct
7	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 possessed	advmod
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 possessed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present · passive		Toad		here	still	possess property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Partly — he now only thinks of boats

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Partly	partly	ADV	_	6 thinks	advmod
2	—	-	PUNCT	_	1 Partly	punct
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 thinks	nsubj
4	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 thinks	advmod
5	only	only	ADV	_	6 thinks	advmod
6	thinks	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 boats	case
8	boats	boat	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 thinks	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	present	he				now	of boats; partly property	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Yes — even in hiding he cannot resist asking to drive

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 hiding	discourse
2	—	-	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	even	even	ADV	_	5 hiding	advmod
4	in	in	SCONJ	_	5 hiding	mark
5	hiding	hide	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 resist	nsubj
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 resist	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 resist	advmod
9	resist	resist	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 hiding	ccomp
10	asking	ask	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 resist	xcomp
11	to	to	PART	_	12 drive	mark
12	drive	drive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 asking	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	roles by
1	hide	gerund		tree rules
2	not resist	can	he	tree rules
3	ask speech: ask	gerund	he not said here	vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	drive not said to happen	to-infinitive	he not said here	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Yes, but only in his dreams, since he has promised Badger to give up motor-cars while hiding in the wood

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 dreams	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	7 dreams	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 dreams	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 dreams	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 dreams	nmod:poss
7	dreams	dream	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 promised	punct
9	since	since	SCONJ	_	12 promised	mark
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 promised	nsubj
11	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 promised	aux
12	promised	promise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 dreams	acl:relcl
13	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 promised	obj
14	to	to	PART	_	15 give	mark
15	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 promised	xcomp
16	up	up	ADP	_	15 give	compound:prt
17	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 cars	compound
18	-	-	PUNCT	_	17 motor	punct
19	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 give	obj
20	while	while	SCONJ	_	21 hiding	mark
21	hiding	hide	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	15 give	advcl
22	in	in	ADP	_	24 wood	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 wood	det
24	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 hiding	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	roles by
1	promise speech: promise	present · perfect	he	his dreams not said here	Badger		vn promise-37.13 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent badger=Recipient clause=Topic
2	give up not said to happen	to-infinitive	he not said here	motor cars			vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Source
3	hide	gerund	he not said here			the wood	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in wood=Location
4	dream		his = he				nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

No, he has entirely given up his craze, and now he is quite content to sit quietly in the hiding place

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 given	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 given	nsubj:pass
4	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 given	aux
5	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	6 given	advmod
6	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	up	up	ADP	_	6 given	compound:prt
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 craze	nmod:poss
9	craze	craze	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 given	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 content	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 content	cc
12	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	16 content	advmod
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 content	nsubj
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 content	cop
15	quite	quite	ADV	_	16 content	advmod
16	content	content	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 given	advcl
17	to	to	PART	_	18 sit	mark
18	sit	sit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 content	xcomp
19	quietly	quietly	ADV	_	18 sit	advmod
20	in	in	ADP	_	23 place	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 place	det
22	hiding	hiding	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 place	compound
23	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 sit	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give up	present · perfect · passive		he			entirely property	tree rules
2	is	present	he			now	content property	tree rules
3	sit	to-infinitive	he not said here		the hiding place		quietly property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in place=Location
4	craze		his = he					nom craze «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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