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Test 16 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter XI, part 3: «Like Summer…

★★★ Badger says Toad's father told him a secret «he wouldn't have dreamt of telling you». Why might a father NOT tell his own son?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: ★ ★, father · What happens: say, tell, not dreamt, not tell · To what, where: secret, ★, own son · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 16 · ★★★ of lesson 67 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XI, part 3: «Like Summer Tempests Came His Tears» (loyal friends, cold pie and «Be quiet at once!»)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ Badger says Toad's father told him a secret «he wouldn't have dreamt of telling you».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
2	★	★	PUNCT	_	1 ★	punct
3	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	nsubj
4	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ★	appos
5	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 father	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 Toad	case
8	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 told	nsubj
9	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 says	ccomp
10	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 told	iobj
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 secret	det
12	secret	secret	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 told	obj
13	«	«	PUNCT	_	18 dreamt	punct
14	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 dreamt	nsubj
15	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 dreamt	aux
16	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	18 dreamt	advmod
17	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	18 dreamt	aux
18	dreamt	dreamt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 told	parataxis
19	of	of	SCONJ	_	20 telling	mark
20	telling	tell	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	18 dreamt	advcl
21	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 telling	iobj
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	18 dreamt	punct
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	★ ★						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	tell speech: assert	past	Toad's father	a secret	★				tree rules
3	not dreamt in a quote	would · perfect	father						tree rules
4	tell speech: assert in a quote	gerund	father not said here		★				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why might a father NOT tell his own son?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 tell	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 tell	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 father	det
4	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tell	nsubj
5	NOT	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 tell	advmod
6	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 son	nmod:poss
8	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 son	amod
9	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tell	iobj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 tell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not tell speech: assert	might	a father		father's own son				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent son=Recipient

The options

Option 1

Because the boy was too young to understand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	6 young	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 boy	det
3	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 young	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 young	cop
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 young	advmod
6	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 understand	mark
8	understand	understand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 young	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the boy					young property	tree rules
2	understand	to-infinitive	the boy not said here						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2

Because it was a secret of the family

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	5 secret	mark
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 secret	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 secret	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 secret	det
5	secret	secret	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 family	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 family	det
8	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 secret	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	it	a secret				of the family	tree rules

Option 3

He is too old

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 old	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 old	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 old	advmod
4	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					old property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Because the son «simply cannot hold his tongue»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	3 son	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 son	det
3	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 hold	punct
5	simply	simply	ADV	_	8 hold	advmod
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 hold	aux
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 hold	advmod
8	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 son	acl:relcl
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 tongue	nmod:poss
10	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hold	obj
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 hold	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hold in a quote	can	the son not said here	his tongue				simply property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/67-willows-ch11-part3-badger-and-mole-come-home/t16/