Exam question 1 · Grimm's Fairy Tales, Frederick and Catherine: a careless w…

Which action of the shepherd led directly to his death in the barrel, as the text describes it?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: action, text, shepherd · What happens: lead, describe, act, die · To what, where: barrel

This is exam question 1 of lesson 752 «Grimm's Fairy Tales, Frederick and Catherine: a careless wife ruins the dinner, and the gold is stolen.» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 action	det
2	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 led	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 shepherd	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 shepherd	det
5	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 action	nmod
6	led	lead	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	directly	directly	ADV	_	6 led	advmod
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 death	case
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 death	nmod:poss
10	death	death	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 led	obl
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 barrel	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 barrel	det
13	barrel	barrel	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 led	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 describes	punct
15	as	as	SCONJ	_	18 describes	mark
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 text	det
17	text	text	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 describes	nsubj
18	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 led	parataxis
19	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 describes	obj
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 led	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	lead	past	which action of the shepherd		the barrel	to action's death; directly property	vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to death=Patient
2	describe	present	the text	barrel			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	act		the shepherd				nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent
4	die		action				nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He agreed to enter the barrel, convinced that the mayor would reward him handsomely, and so he was drowned in the river with the rest of the flock

The tree, 28 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 agreed	nsubj
2	agreed	agree	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 enter	mark
4	enter	enter	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 agreed	xcomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 barrel	det
6	barrel	barrel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 enter	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 convinced	punct
8	convinced	convinced	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 barrel	amod
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 reward	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 mayor	det
11	mayor	mayor	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 reward	nsubj
12	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 reward	aux
13	reward	reward	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 convinced	advcl
14	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 reward	obj
15	handsomely	handsomely	ADV	_	13 reward	advmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 drowned	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 drowned	cc
18	so	so	ADV	_	21 drowned	advmod
19	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 drowned	nsubj:pass
20	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 drowned	aux:pass
21	drowned	drown	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 agreed	conj
22	in	in	ADP	_	24 river	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 river	det
24	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 drowned	obl
25	with	with	ADP	_	27 rest	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 rest	det
27	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 drowned	obl
28	of	of	ADP	_	30 flock	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 flock	det
30	flock	flock	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 rest	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	agree speech: agree	past	He					vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	enter not said to happen	to-infinitive	He not said here	the barrel				vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme barrel=Destination
3	reward	would	the mayor		him = he		handsomely property	vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient
4	drown	past · passive		mayor		the river	with the rest of the flock	vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with rest=Instrument

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

He accepted the job of carrying the barrel down to the river at dawn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 accepted	nsubj
2	accepted	accept	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 job	det
4	job	job	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 accepted	obj
5	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 carrying	mark
6	carrying	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 job	acl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 barrel	det
8	barrel	barrel	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 carrying	obj
9	down	down	ADV	_	6 carrying	advmod
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 river	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 river	det
12	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 carrying	obl
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 dawn	case
14	dawn	dawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 carrying	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accept	past	He	the job					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Theme
2	carry down	gerund	the job not said here	the barrel		the river	dawn	down property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent barrel=Theme to river=Destination

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

He agreed to enter the barrel in the belief that he would be made mayor

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 agreed	nsubj
2	agreed	agree	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 enter	mark
4	enter	enter	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 agreed	xcomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 barrel	det
6	barrel	barrel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 enter	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 belief	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 belief	det
9	belief	belief	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 enter	obl
10	that	that	SCONJ	_	14 made	mark
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 made	nsubj
12	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 made	aux
13	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	14 made	aux:pass
14	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 belief	acl
15	mayor	mayor	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 made	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	agree speech: agree	past	He			vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	enter not said to happen	to-infinitive	He not said here	the barrel	the belief	vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme barrel=Destination
3	make	would · passive		he		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary mayor=Product

Option 4

He stepped into the barrel after the peasant promised him a share of the sheep money

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stepped	nsubj
2	stepped	step	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	5 barrel	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 barrel	det
5	barrel	barrel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stepped	obl
6	after	after	SCONJ	_	9 promised	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 peasant	det
8	peasant	peasant	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 promised	nsubj
9	promised	promise	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 stepped	advcl
10	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 promised	iobj
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 share	det
12	share	share	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 promised	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	16 money	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 money	det
15	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 money	compound
16	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 share	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	roles by
1	step	past	He			the barrel	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into barrel=Destination
2	promise speech: promise	past	the peasant	a share of the sheep money	him = he		vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent he=Goal share=Theme
3	share			the sheep money			nom share «possession transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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