Test 4 · ★ · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got…

True or false: the Leopard and the hunter could not find the animals in the forest because they had forgotten their smell.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Leopard · What happens: not find, forget, smell · To what, where: animals, forest, smell

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 77 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	True	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 find	advcl
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	3 false	cc
3	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 True	conj
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 Leopard	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Leopard	det
6	Leopard	Leopard	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 find	nsubj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 hunter	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 hunter	det
9	hunter	hunter	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 Leopard	conj
10	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 find	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 find	advmod
12	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 animals	det
14	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 find	obj
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 forest	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 forest	det
17	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 find	obl
18	because	because	SCONJ	_	21 forgotten	mark
19	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 forgotten	nsubj
20	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 forgotten	aux
21	forgotten	forget	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	12 find	advcl
22	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 smell	nmod:poss
23	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 forgotten	obj
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 find	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	not find	could	the Leopard and the hunter	the animals	the forest	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Topic
2	forget	past · perfect	Leopard	Leopard's smell		tree rules
3	smell		Leopard			nom smell «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

False: they could see them clearly but could not catch them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	False	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 see	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 see	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 see	aux
5	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 False	parataxis
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 see	obj
7	clearly	clearly	ADV	_	5 see	advmod
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 catch	cc
9	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 catch	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 catch	advmod
11	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 see	conj
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 catch	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	could	they	them = they				clearly property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus
2	not catch	could	they not said here	them = they					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

False: they could smell and hear them, but not see them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	False	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 smell	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 smell	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 smell	aux
5	smell	smell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 False	parataxis
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 hear	cc
7	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 smell	conj
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 hear	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 see	punct
10	but	but	CCONJ	_	12 see	cc
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 see	advmod
12	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 smell	conj
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 see	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	smell	could	they		vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	hear	infinitive	they not said here	them = they	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus
3	not see	infinitive	they not said here	them = they	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus

Option 3

True: they had been away so long they forgot their smell

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	True	true	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 forgot	nsubj:outer
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 away	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 away	nsubj
4	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 away	aux
5	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 away	cop
6	away	away	ADV	_	10 forgot	advmod
7	so	so	ADV	_	8 long	advmod
8	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	10 forgot	advmod
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 forgot	nsubj
10	forgot	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 smell	nmod:poss
12	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 forgot	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	past · perfect	they		away property	tree rules
2	forget	past	True	their smell	long property	tree rules
3	smell		their = they			nom smell «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

True: the forest smelt too strongly of the dark trees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	True	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 smelt	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 smelt	det
4	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 smelt	compound
5	smelt	smelt	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 True	obl
6	too	too	ADV	_	7 strongly	advmod
7	strongly	strongly	ADV	_	5 smelt	advmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	11 trees	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 trees	det
10	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 trees	amod
11	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 smelt	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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