Exam question 3 · Grimm's Fairy Tales, Snow-white and Rose-red: the dwarf ge…

Determine the reason the dwarf attributed his misfortune to the girls.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, dwarf · What happens: determine, attribute · To what, where: reason, misfortune

This is exam question 3 of lesson 789 «Grimm's Fairy Tales, Snow-white and Rose-red: the dwarf gets his end» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 dwarf	det
5	dwarf	dwarf	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 attributed	nsubj
6	attributed	attribute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 reason	acl:relcl
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 misfortune	nmod:poss
8	misfortune	misfortune	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 attributed	obj
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 girls	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 girls	det
11	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 attributed	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the reason					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	attribute	past	the dwarf	dwarf's misfortune				to the girls	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He believed the girls had spoiled his beard and coat, and that the wind had tangled him up on purpose

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 believed	nsubj
2	believed	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 girls	det
4	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 spoiled	nsubj:pass
5	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 spoiled	aux
6	spoiled	spoil	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 believed	ccomp
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 beard	nmod:poss
8	beard	beard	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 spoiled	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 coat	cc
10	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 beard	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 tangled	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 tangled	cc
13	that	that	SCONJ	_	17 tangled	mark
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 wind	det
15	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 tangled	nsubj:pass
16	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 tangled	aux
17	tangled	tangle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 believed	parataxis
18	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 tangled	obj
19	up	up	ADP	_	17 tangled	compound:prt
20	on	on	ADP	_	21 purpose	case
21	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 tangled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	believe	past	He			vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	spoil	past · perfect · passive		the girls		tree rules
3	tangle up	past · perfect · passive		the wind	purpose	tree rules

Option 2

He believed the girls had spoiled his beard and coat and he wanted revenge for it all

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 believed	nsubj
2	believed	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 girls	det
4	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 spoiled	nsubj:pass
5	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 spoiled	aux
6	spoiled	spoil	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 believed	ccomp
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 beard	nmod:poss
8	beard	beard	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 spoiled	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 coat	cc
10	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 beard	conj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 wanted	cc
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 wanted	nsubj
13	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 believed	conj
14	revenge	revenge	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 wanted	obj
15	for	for	ADP	_	16 it	case
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 wanted	obl
17	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	13 wanted	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	believe	past	He			vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	spoil	past · perfect · passive		the girls		tree rules
3	want	past	he	revenge	for revenge	vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent revenge=Theme all=Attribute

Option 3

They had tangled his beard in a fishing-line

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 tangled	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 tangled	aux
3	tangled	tangle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 beard	nmod:poss
5	beard	beard	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tangled	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	10 line	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 line	det
8	fishing	fishing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 line	compound
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 fishing	punct
10	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tangled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tangle	past · perfect	They	his beard		a fishing line			tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He believed their rough handling had spoiled his beard and coat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 believed	nsubj
2	believed	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 handling	nmod:poss
4	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 handling	amod
5	handling	handling	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spoiled	nsubj:pass
6	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 spoiled	aux
7	spoiled	spoil	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 believed	ccomp
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 beard	nmod:poss
9	beard	beard	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spoiled	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 coat	cc
11	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 beard	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	believe	past	He		vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	spoil	past · perfect · passive		their rough handling	tree rules
3	handle		their = they		nom handling «act transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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