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Test 11 · ★★ · Alice in Wonderland, chapter IV, part 2: Little Bill, the…

Looking back: in chapter III Alice's talk of Dinah upset her friends by mistake. How does she use Dinah here?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Looking, Dinah · What happens: look back, upset, talk, use · To what, where: chapter talk, friends, Dinah

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 8 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter IV, part 2: Little Bill, the pebbles and the puppy» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Looking back: in chapter III Alice's talk of Dinah upset her friends by mistake.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Looking	look	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 upset	csubj
2	back	back	ADV	_	1 Looking	advmod
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 talk	punct
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 chapter	case
5	chapter	chapter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 talk	compound
6	III	III	NUM	NumForm=Roman NumType=Card	5 chapter	flat
7	Alice	Alice	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 talk	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 Alice	case
9	talk	talk	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Looking	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 Dinah	case
11	Dinah	Dinah	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 talk	nmod
12	upset	upset	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 friends	nmod:poss
14	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 upset	obj
15	by	by	ADP	_	16 mistake	case
16	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 upset	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 upset	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look back	gerund		Alice's chapter talk of Dinah					vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	upset	past	Looking	Dinah's friends				by mistake	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus friend=Experiencer
3	talk		Dinah						nom talk «communication intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How does she use Dinah here?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	4 use	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 use	aux
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 use	nsubj
4	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	Dinah	Dinah	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 use	obj
6	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 use	advmod
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 use	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present · do-support	Dinah	Dinah		here			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dinah=Patient

The options

Option 1

By chance, to scare them off

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 chance	case
2	chance	chance	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 scare	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 chance	punct
4	to	to	PART	_	5 scare	mark
5	scare	scare	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 scare	obj
7	off	off	ADP	_	5 scare	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scare off	to-infinitive		them = they				by chance	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

She uses Dinah carefully, as a warning, in order to frighten the Rabbit's crowd into leaving the house

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 uses	nsubj
2	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Dinah	Dinah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 uses	obj
4	carefully	carefully	ADV	_	2 uses	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 warning	punct
6	as	as	ADP	_	8 warning	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 warning	det
8	warning	warning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 uses	parataxis
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 frighten	punct
10	in	in	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	13 frighten	mark
11	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 in	fixed
12	to	to	PART	_	13 frighten	mark
13	frighten	frighten	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 uses	parataxis
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Rabbit	det
15	Rabbit	Rabbit	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 crowd	nmod:poss
16	's	's	PART	_	15 Rabbit	case
17	crowd	crowd	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 frighten	obj
18	into	into	SCONJ	_	19 leaving	mark
19	leaving	leave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 frighten	advcl
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 house	det
21	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 leaving	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	She	Dinah				carefully property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dinah=Patient
2	frighten	to-infinitive		the Rabbit's crowd					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus crowd=Experiencer
3	leave	gerund		the house					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

On purpose, as a threat to stop them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	On	on	ADP	_	2 purpose	case
2	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 threat	punct
4	as	as	ADP	_	6 threat	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 threat	det
6	threat	threat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 purpose	conj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 stop	mark
8	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 threat	acl
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 stop	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	to-infinitive		purpose					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality they=Eventuality

Option 4

To make them laugh

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 make	mark
2	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 laugh	advcl
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 make	obj
4	laugh	laugh	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive	you not said here	them = they					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product
2	laugh	imperative	you not said here						vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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