Test 11 · ★★ · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child…

Like the Camel's hump, the trunk at first looks like trouble. What do both turn out to be?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: look, turn out

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 80 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 2 (the tug-of-war and the trunk)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Like the Camel's hump, the trunk at first looks like trouble.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Like	like	ADP	_	5 hump	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Camel	det
3	Camel	camel	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hump	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 Camel	case
5	hump	hump	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 looks	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 trunk	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 trunk	det
8	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hump	conj
9	at	at	ADP	_	10 first	case
10	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	11 looks	obl
11	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	like	like	ADP	_	13 trouble	case
13	trouble	trouble	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 looks	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 looks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	present						like the Camel's hump and the trunk; like trouble	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at first=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do both turn out to be?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 turn	obj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 turn	aux
3	both	both	ADV	_	4 turn	advmod
4	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	out	out	ADP	_	4 turn	compound:prt
6	to	to	PART	_	7 be	mark
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 turn	advcl
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 turn	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn out	present · do-support						both property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location what=Theme

The options

Option 1

Useful: the hump stores food and keeps the sun off, while the trunk does many jobs for the elephant

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Useful	useful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 hump	amod
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Useful	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 hump	det
4	hump	hump	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stores	nsubj
5	stores	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stores	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 keeps	cc
8	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stores	conj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 sun	det
10	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 keeps	obj
11	off	off	ADP	_	8 keeps	compound:prt
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 does	punct
13	while	while	SCONJ	_	16 does	mark
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 trunk	det
15	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 does	nsubj
16	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stores	conj
17	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 jobs	amod
18	jobs	job	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 does	obj
19	for	for	ADP	_	21 elephant	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 elephant	det
21	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 does	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	store	present	the Useful hump	food		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme
2	keep off	present	the Useful hump not said here	the sun		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sun=Theme
3	do	present	the trunk	many jobs	for the elephant	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Useful: the hump stores food, the trunk does many jobs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Useful	useful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 does	advcl
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 stores	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 hump	det
4	hump	hump	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stores	nsubj
5	stores	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Useful	conj
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stores	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Useful	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 trunk	det
9	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 does	nsubj
10	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 jobs	amod
12	jobs	job	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 does	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	store	present	the hump	food					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme
2	do	present	the trunk	many jobs					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality

Option 3

Useful: the hump stores food, the trunk does many jobs, and both are a sign of a clever animal

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Useful	useful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 sign	amod
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 stores	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 hump	det
4	hump	hump	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stores	nsubj
5	stores	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Useful	conj
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stores	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 does	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 trunk	det
9	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 does	nsubj
10	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stores	conj
11	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 jobs	amod
12	jobs	job	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 does	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 sign	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 sign	cc
15	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	18 sign	nsubj
16	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 sign	cop
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 sign	det
18	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
19	of	of	ADP	_	22 animal	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 animal	det
21	clever	clever	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 animal	amod
22	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 sign	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	store	present	the hump	food		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme
2	do	present	the trunk	many jobs		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality
3	is a	present	both	a Useful sign	of a clever animal	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Useless: the hump is empty, the trunk is a nuisance

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Useless	useless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 empty	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 hump	det
4	hump	hump	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 empty	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 empty	cop
6	empty	empty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Useless	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 nuisance	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 trunk	det
9	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 nuisance	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 nuisance	cop
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 nuisance	det
12	nuisance	nuisance	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Useless	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the hump					empty property	tree rules
2	is a	present	the trunk	a nuisance					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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