Test 11 · ★ · Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 2:…

Looking back: how did the Rhinoceros get the folds in his skin?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Rhinoceros · What happens: look back, do, get · To what, where: folds, skin

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 83 «Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 2: swimming lessons, curling lessons, and a new name» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Looking	look	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	back	back	ADV	_	1 Looking	advmod
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 did	punct
4	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	5 did	advmod
5	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Looking	conj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Rhinoceros	det
7	Rhinoceros	Rhinoceros	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 get	nsubj
8	get	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 did	ccomp
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 folds	det
10	folds	fold	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 get	obj
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 skin	case
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 skin	nmod:poss
13	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 get	obl
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Looking	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	look back	gerund				vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	do	past				tree rules
3	get	present	the Rhinoceros	the folds	Rhinoceros's skin	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fold=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He was born with them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 born	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 born	aux:pass
3	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 them	case
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 born	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	past · passive		He				with them = they	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 2

A Parsee's cake-crumbs made him rub against trees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 Parsee	det
2	Parsee	Parsee	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 crumbs	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 Parsee	case
4	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 crumbs	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 cake	punct
6	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 made	nsubj
7	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 made	obj
9	rub	rub	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 made	xcomp
10	against	against	ADP	_	11 trees	case
11	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 rub	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	a Parsee's cake crumbs	him = he					tree rules
2	rub	infinitive	him = he not said here			trees			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme against tree=Destination

Option 3

He was bitten by a snake in the forest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 bitten	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 bitten	aux:pass
3	bitten	bite	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 snake	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 snake	det
6	snake	snake	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bitten	obl:agent
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 forest	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 forest	det
9	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bitten	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bite	past · passive	a snake	He		the forest			vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent subject=Patient in forest=Location

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He rubbed against a palm-tree because of cake-crumbs inside his skin

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 rubbed	nsubj
2	rubbed	rub	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	against	against	ADP	_	7 tree	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 tree	det
5	palm	palm	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 tree	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 palm	punct
7	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rubbed	obl
8	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	12 crumbs	case
9	of	of	ADP	_	8 because	fixed
10	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 crumbs	compound
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 cake	punct
12	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 rubbed	obl
13	inside	inside	ADP	_	15 skin	case
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 skin	nmod:poss
15	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rubbed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rub	past	He			his skin		against a palm tree; because cake crumbs	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent against tree=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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