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Test 4 · ★ · Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 2:…

«Excellent!» says each friend to the other again and again. What does this show?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: friend, this · What happens: say, show · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 83 «Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 2: swimming lessons, curling lessons, and a new name» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «Excellent!» says each friend to the other again and again.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Excellent	punct
2	Excellent	excellent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 says	parataxis
3	!	!	PUNCT	_	2 Excellent	punct
4	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Excellent	punct
5	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	7 friend	det
7	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 other	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 other	det
10	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 friend	nmod
11	again	again	ADV	_	5 says	advmod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 again	cc
13	again	again	ADV	_	11 again	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	each friend				again		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does this show?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 show	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 show	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present · do-support	this						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They are trying to trick Jaguar

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 trying	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 trying	aux
3	trying	try	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 trick	mark
5	trick	trick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 trying	xcomp
6	Jaguar	Jaguar	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 trick	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	try	present · progressive	They						vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	trick not said to happen	to-infinitive	They not said here	Jaguar					vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jaguar=Patient

Option 2

They are competing hard to be the first to finish, and each wants to win the prize for the best shape

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 competing	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 competing	aux
3	competing	compete	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 competing	xcomp
5	to	to	PART	_	8 first	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 first	cop
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 first	det
8	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 hard	advcl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 finish	mark
10	finish	finish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 first	advcl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 wants	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 wants	cc
13	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	14 wants	nsubj
14	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 competing	conj
15	to	to	PART	_	16 win	mark
16	win	win	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 wants	xcomp
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 prize	det
18	prize	prize	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 win	obj
19	for	for	ADP	_	22 shape	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 shape	det
21	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	22 shape	amod
22	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 win	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	compete	present · progressive	They					hard property	vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	to-infinitive	They not said here					first property	tree rules
3	finish	to-infinitive	They not said here						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
4	want	present	each						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
5	win not said to happen	to-infinitive	each not said here	the prize				for the best shape	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent prize=Theme for shape=Beneficiary

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They encourage each other kindly as they learn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 encourage	nsubj
2	encourage	encourage	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	2 encourage	obj
4	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 each	fixed
5	kindly	kindly	ADV	_	2 encourage	advmod
6	as	as	SCONJ	_	8 learn	mark
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 learn	nsubj
8	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 encourage	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	encourage	present	They	each				kindly property	vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Theme
2	learn	present	they						vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

They are impatient with each other and want to finish the lesson and get back to sleep

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 impatient	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 impatient	cop
3	impatient	impatient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 each	case
5	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	3 impatient	obl
6	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 each	fixed
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 want	cc
8	want	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 impatient	conj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 finish	mark
10	finish	finish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 want	xcomp
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 lesson	det
12	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 finish	obj
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 get	cc
14	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 finish	conj
15	back	back	ADV	_	14 get	advmod
16	to	to	PART	_	17 sleep	mark
17	sleep	sleep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 get	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					with each; impatient property	tree rules
2	want	present	They not said here						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	finish not said to happen	to-infinitive	They not said here	the lesson					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality lesson=Eventuality
4	get back	infinitive	They not said here						vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
5	sleep	to-infinitive	They not said here						vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/83-justso-armadillos-2-the-first-armadillo/t4/