Exam question 2 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Girl Who Trod on the Loaf, par…

Enumerate the charitable acts performed by the bird during the hard winter, and indicate the manner in which it conducted its own sustenance.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, manner · What happens: enumerate, perform, indicate, conduct · To what, where: charitable acts, manner, own sustenance

This is exam question 2 of lesson 833 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Girl Who Trod on the Loaf, part 44: Inge is freed as a little bird, does good deeds all winter, and turns white» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Enumerate	enumerate	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 acts	det
3	charitable	charitable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 acts	amod
4	acts	act	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Enumerate	obj
5	performed	perform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 acts	acl
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 bird	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bird	det
8	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 performed	obl
9	during	during	ADP	_	12 winter	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 winter	det
11	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 winter	amod
12	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 performed	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 indicate	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 indicate	cc
15	indicate	indicate	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Enumerate	conj
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 manner	det
17	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 indicate	obj
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 which	case
19	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 conducted	obl
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 conducted	nsubj
21	conducted	conduct	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 manner	acl:relcl
22	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	24 sustenance	nmod:poss
23	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 sustenance	amod
24	sustenance	sustenance	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 conducted	obj
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Enumerate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	enumerate	imperative	you not said here	the charitable acts				tree rules
2	perform	participle		the charitable acts not said here		winter	by the bird	vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	indicate	infinitive	you not said here	the manner				vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot manner=Topic
4	conduct	past	manner	manner's own sustenance	the manner			vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sustenance=Theme in which=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It collected grain and gave most of it to sparrows while eating very little

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 collected	nsubj
2	collected	collect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	grain	grain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 collected	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 gave	cc
5	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 collected	conj
6	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 gave	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 it	case
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 most	nmod
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 sparrows	case
10	sparrows	sparrow	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 gave	obl
11	while	while	SCONJ	_	12 eating	mark
12	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 gave	advcl
13	very	very	ADV	_	14 little	advmod
14	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 eating	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	collect	past	It	grain		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grain=Theme
2	give	past		most of grain	sparrows	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent most=Theme to sparrow=Recipient
3	eat	gerund		little		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Patient

Option 2

It gathered crumbs, distributed them to other birds, consuming only a single crumb itself, and then flew to the sea to dive and sing

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 gathered	nsubj
2	gathered	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 gathered	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 distributed	punct
5	distributed	distribute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 gathered	conj
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 distributed	obj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 birds	case
8	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 birds	amod
9	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 distributed	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 consuming	punct
11	consuming	consume	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 distributed	advcl
12	only	only	ADV	_	15 crumb	advmod
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 crumb	det
14	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 crumb	amod
15	crumb	crumb	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 consuming	obj
16	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	15 crumb	nmod:unmarked
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 flew	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 flew	cc
19	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	20 flew	advmod
20	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 gathered	conj
21	to	to	ADP	_	23 sea	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 sea	det
23	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 flew	obl
24	to	to	PART	_	25 dive	mark
25	dive	dive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 flew	advcl
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 sing	cc
27	sing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	25 dive	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	gather	past	It	crumbs				vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crumb=Theme
2	distribute	past		crumbs = crumb	other birds			vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Theme to bird=Recipient
3	consume	gerund		a single crumb itself				vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crumb=Asset
4	fly	past				then	to the sea result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to sea=Result
5	dive	to-infinitive						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
6	sing speech: express	infinitive						vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It gathered crumbs and distributed them to other birds, consuming only a single crumb itself

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 gathered	nsubj
2	gathered	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 gathered	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 distributed	cc
5	distributed	distribute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 gathered	conj
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 distributed	obj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 birds	case
8	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 birds	amod
9	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 distributed	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 consuming	punct
11	consuming	consume	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 distributed	advcl
12	only	only	ADV	_	15 crumb	advmod
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 crumb	det
14	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 crumb	amod
15	crumb	crumb	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 consuming	obj
16	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	15 crumb	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	gather	past	It	crumbs		vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crumb=Theme
2	distribute	past		crumbs = crumb	other birds	vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Theme to bird=Recipient
3	consume	gerund		a single crumb itself		vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crumb=Asset

Option 4

It found bread and shared the crumbs with other birds, keeping just one for itself

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 found	nsubj
2	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 found	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 shared	cc
5	shared	share	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 found	conj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 crumbs	det
7	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 shared	obj
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 birds	case
9	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 birds	amod
10	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 shared	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 keeping	punct
12	keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 found	advcl
13	just	just	ADV	_	14 one	advmod
14	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 keeping	obj
15	for	for	ADP	_	16 itself	case
16	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	14 one	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	find	past	It	bread		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Topic
2	share	past		the crumbs	with other birds	tree rules
3	keep	gerund		one	for bread	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/833-pg27200-part44/e2/