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Test 9 · ★ · Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 2:…

Real life: Sam sends a face-with-tears emoji, and his gran thinks he is sad. What does that show, just like Taffy's picture?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Sam, gran · What happens: send, think, be, do · To what, where: tears emoji, show · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 85 «Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 2: the picture goes wrong and the whole Tribe comes» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Real life: Sam sends a face-with-tears emoji, and his gran thinks he is sad.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 life	amod
2	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 sends	punct
4	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 sends	nsubj
5	sends	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 life	parataxis
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 emoji	det
7	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 emoji	nsubj
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 emoji	punct
9	with	with	ADP	_	12 emoji	case
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 with	punct
11	tears	tear	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 emoji	compound
12	emoji	emoji	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sends	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 thinks	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 thinks	cc
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 gran	nmod:poss
16	gran	gran	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 thinks	nsubj
17	thinks	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 sends	conj
18	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 sad	nsubj
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 sad	cop
20	sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 thinks	ccomp
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 life	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	send	present	Sam	a tears emoji					vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent emoji=Theme
2	think speech: other	present	face's gran						vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	gran					sad property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does that show, just like Taffy's picture?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 does	nsubj
2	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 show	det
4	show	show	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 does	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 picture	punct
6	just	just	ADV	_	10 picture	advmod
7	like	like	ADP	_	10 picture	case
8	Taffy	Taffy	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 picture	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 Taffy	case
10	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 show	conj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 does	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present		that show and Taffy's picture					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent show=Eventuality

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A picture can be read in different ways

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 picture	det
2	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 read	nsubj:pass
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 read	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 read	aux:pass
5	read	read	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 ways	case
7	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 ways	amod
8	ways	way	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 read	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read	can · passive		a picture		different ways			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Option 2

A picture can be read in different ways, so a sender must check the reader understands it

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 picture	det
2	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 read	nsubj:pass
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 read	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 read	aux:pass
5	read	read	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 ways	case
7	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 ways	amod
8	ways	way	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 read	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 check	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	14 check	advmod
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 sender	det
12	sender	sender	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 check	nsubj
13	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 check	aux
14	check	check	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 read	conj
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 reader	det
16	reader	reader	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 understands	nsubj
17	understands	understand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 check	ccomp
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 understands	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read	can · passive		a picture		different ways			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
2	check	must	a sender						tree rules
3	understand	present	the reader	sender					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

Option 3

Pictures are always easy to read

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pictures	picture	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 easy	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 easy	cop
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 easy	advmod
4	easy	easy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 read	mark
6	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 easy	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Pictures					always, easy property	tree rules
2	read	to-infinitive	Pictures not said here						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Sam should use fewer emojis today

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 use	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 use	aux
3	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 emojis	amod
5	emojis	emoji	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 use	obj
6	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 use	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	should	Sam	fewer emojis			today		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent emoji=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/85-justso-first-letter-2-the-whole-tribe-comes/t9/