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Test 9 · ★★★ · The candle and what burning is

A grown-up holds a cold spoon high above a candle and drops of water appear. Where do they come from?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: they · What happens: grow up, hold, drop, appear, come · To what, where: cold spoon, candle

This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 11 «The candle and what burning is» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A grown-up holds a cold spoon high above a candle and drops of water appear.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 grown	det
2	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 holds	nsubj
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 up	punct
4	up	up	ADP	_	2 grown	compound:prt
5	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 spoon	det
7	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 spoon	amod
8	spoon	spoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 holds	obj
9	high	high	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 holds	advmod
10	above	above	ADP	_	12 candle	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 candle	det
12	candle	candle	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 holds	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 drops	cc
14	drops	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 holds	conj
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 water	case
16	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 drops	obl
17	appear	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 drops	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 holds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow up	participle							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	hold	present		a cold spoon		a candle		high property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent spoon=Theme above candle=Location
3	drop	present						of water	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme of water=Trajectory
4	appear	present							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Where do they come from?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	4 come	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 come	aux
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 come	nsubj
4	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	4 come	obl
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 come	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present · do-support	they						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They leak out through the metal of the spoon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 leak	nsubj
2	leak	leak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADP	_	2 leak	compound:prt
4	through	through	ADP	_	6 metal	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 metal	det
6	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 leak	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 spoon	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 spoon	det
9	spoon	spoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 metal	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leak out	present	They			the metal of the spoon			vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through metal=Location

Option 2

They come out of the cotton wick as it burns

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 come	nsubj
2	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADV	_	2 come	advmod
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 wick	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wick	det
6	cotton	cotton	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wick	compound
7	wick	wick	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 come	obl
8	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 burns	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 burns	nsubj
10	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 come	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come out	present	They					of the cotton wick; out property	vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient
2	burn	present	wick						vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

They are drops of dew from the night air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 drops	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 drops	cop
3	drops	drop	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 dew	case
5	dew	dew	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drops	nmod
6	from	from	ADP	_	9 air	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 air	det
8	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 air	compound
9	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drops	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	drops		the night air		of dew	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

They are made by the burning of the wax

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 made	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 burning	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 burning	det
6	burning	burning	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 wax	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 wax	det
9	wax	wax	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 burning	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive	the burning of the wax	They					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/11-the-candle-and-burning/t9/