Exam question 2 · Rust: iron's slow fire
It is given that a steel article is coated with a layer of zinc. Select the statement most consistent with the established facts concerning such a coating.
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: give, coat, select, establish, concern · To what, where: It, steel article, statement, coating
This is exam question 2 of lesson 13 «Rust: iron's slow fire» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is given that a steel article is coated with a layer of zinc.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 coated | mark |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 article | det |
| 6 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 article | compound |
| 7 | article | article | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 coated | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 coated | aux:pass |
| 9 | coated | coat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 given | advcl |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 layer | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 layer | det |
| 12 | layer | layer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 coated | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 zinc | case |
| 14 | zinc | zinc | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 layer | nmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | It | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | coat | present · passive | a steel article | with a layer of zinc | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with layer=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Select the statement most consistent with the established facts concerning such a coating.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Select | select | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 statement | det |
| 3 | statement | statement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Select | obj |
| 4 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 5 consistent | advmod |
| 5 | consistent | consistent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 statement | amod |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 facts | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 facts | det |
| 8 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 facts | amod |
| 9 | facts | fact | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 consistent | obl |
| 10 | concerning | concern | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 facts | acl |
| 11 | such | such | DET | PronType=Ind | 13 coating | det:predet |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 coating | det |
| 13 | coating | coating | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 concerning | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Select | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | select | imperative | you not said here | the statement | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statement=Theme | ||||
| 2 | establish | participle | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||||
| 3 | concern | gerund | the established facts not said here | such coating | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus coating=Experiencer |
The options
Option 1 · ✓ the right answer
The zinc reacts preferentially and thereby protects the steel
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 zinc | det |
| 2 | zinc | zinc | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 reacts | nsubj |
| 3 | reacts | react | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | preferentially | preferentially | ADV | _ | 3 reacts | advmod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 protects | cc |
| 6 | thereby | thereby | ADV | _ | 7 protects | advmod |
| 7 | protects | protect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 reacts | conj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 steel | det |
| 9 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 protects | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | react | present | the zinc | preferentially property | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | protect | present | the zinc not said here | the steel | thereby property | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steel=Beneficiary |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
The zinc converts the steel beneath it into stainless steel
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 zinc | det |
| 2 | zinc | zinc | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 converts | nsubj |
| 3 | converts | convert | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 steel | det |
| 5 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 converts | obj |
| 6 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 7 it | case |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 converts | obl |
| 8 | into | into | ADP | _ | 10 steel | case |
| 9 | stainless | stainless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 steel | amod |
| 10 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 converts | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | convert | present | the zinc | the steel | into stainless steel result; beneath steel | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent steel=Patient into steel=Result |
Option 3
The zinc accelerates the rusting of the steel
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 zinc | det |
| 2 | zinc | zinc | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 accelerates | nsubj |
| 3 | accelerates | accelerate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 rusting | det |
| 5 | rusting | rusting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 accelerates | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 steel | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 steel | det |
| 8 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 rusting | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | accelerate | present | the zinc | the rusting of the steel | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent rusting=Patient |
Option 4
The zinc renders the steel incapable of conducting heat
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 zinc | det |
| 2 | zinc | zinc | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 renders | nsubj |
| 3 | renders | render | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 incapable | det |
| 5 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 incapable | compound |
| 6 | incapable | incapable | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 renders | obj |
| 7 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 8 conducting | mark |
| 8 | conducting | conduct | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 incapable | acl |
| 9 | heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 conducting | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | render | present | the zinc | the steel incapable | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent incapable=Theme | ||||
| 2 | conduct | gerund | the steel incapable not said here | heat | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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