Exam question 3 · Rust: iron's slow fire

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the cause of tetanus?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, cause · To what, where: cause, tetanus

This is exam question 3 of lesson 13 «Rust: iron's slow fire» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 cause	det
10	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 tetanus	case
12	tetanus	tetanus	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 cause	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the cause of tetanus	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	cause		tetanus		nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is caused by contact with iron oxide upon old metal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 caused	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	aux:pass
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 contact	case
5	contact	contact	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 oxide	case
7	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 oxide	compound
8	oxide	oxide	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 contact	nmod
9	upon	upon	ADP	_	11 metal	case
10	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 metal	amod
11	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present · passive	contact with iron oxide	It				upon old metal	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It is caused by a germ present in soil and dirt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 caused	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	aux:pass
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 present	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 present	det
6	germ	germ	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 present	compound
7	present	present	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 soil	case
9	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 present	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 dirt	cc
11	dirt	dirt	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 present	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present · passive	a germ present in soil and dirt	It					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient

Option 3

It is caused by the coldness of metal objects

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 caused	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	aux:pass
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 coldness	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 coldness	det
6	coldness	coldness	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 objects	case
8	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 objects	compound
9	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 coldness	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present · passive	the coldness of metal objects	It					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient

Option 4

It is caused by the orange pigment of rust

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 caused	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	aux:pass
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 pigment	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 pigment	det
6	orange	orange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 pigment	amod
7	pigment	pigment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 rust	case
9	rust	rust	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pigment	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present · passive	the orange pigment of rust	It					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/13-rust-irons-slow-fire/e3/