Exam question 4 · Bread rising: yeast at work

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the rising of a cake prepared without yeast.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts, cake · What happens: select, establish, concern, prepare, rise · To what, where: response, rising, cake

This is exam question 4 of lesson 21 «Bread rising: yeast at work» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 rising	det
11	rising	rising	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 cake	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 cake	det
14	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 rising	nmod
15	prepared	prepare	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 cake	acl
16	without	without	ADP	_	17 yeast	case
17	yeast	yeast	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 prepared	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the rising of a cake		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus rising=Experiencer
4	prepare	participle		a cake not said here	without yeast	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	rise		a cake			nom rising «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The cake rises through the action of mould spores

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cake	det
2	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rises	nsubj
3	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	through	through	ADP	_	6 action	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 action	det
6	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rises	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 spores	case
8	mould	mould	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 spores	compound
9	spores	spore	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 action	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rise	present	the cake			the action of mould spores			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through action=Location
2	act		mould spores						nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Baking powder or whisked eggs supply gas that expands in the heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Baking	baking	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 powder	compound
2	powder	powder	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 supply	nsubj
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 eggs	cc
4	whisked	whisk	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 eggs	amod
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 powder	conj
6	supply	supply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 supply	obj
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 expands	nsubj
9	expands	expand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 gas	acl:relcl
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 heat	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 heat	det
12	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 expands	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	whisk	participle				vn shake-22.3-1-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
2	supply	present	Baking powder or whisked eggs	gas		vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gas=Recipient
3	expand	present	gas		the heat	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

The cake cannot rise in the absence of yeast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cake	det
2	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rise	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 rise	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 rise	advmod
5	rise	rise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 absence	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 absence	det
8	absence	absence	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rise	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 yeast	case
10	yeast	yeast	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 absence	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not rise	can	the cake			the absence of yeast			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in absence=Location
2	absent			yeast					nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

The cake rises because sugar becomes lighter than air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cake	det
2	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rises	nsubj
3	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 becomes	mark
5	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 becomes	nsubj
6	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 rises	advcl
7	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 becomes	xcomp
8	than	than	ADP	_	9 air	case
9	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lighter	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rise	present	the cake						vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	become	present	sugar					light property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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