Exam question 1 · Dyes, inks and colouring

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the distinction between a dye and a pigment?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: distinction

This is exam question 1 of lesson 27 «Dyes, inks and colouring» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 distinction	det
10	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	between	between	ADP	_	13 dye	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 dye	det
13	dye	dye	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 distinction	nmod
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 pigment	cc
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 pigment	det
16	pigment	pigment	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 dye	conj
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the distinction				of the following statements; between a dye and a pigment; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A dye is a solid, whereas a pigment is a gas

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 dye	det
2	dye	dye	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 solid	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 solid	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 solid	det
5	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 gas	amod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 whereas	punct
7	whereas	wherea	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 solid	conj
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 pigment	det
9	pigment	pigment	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 whereas	obj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 gas	cop
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 gas	det
12	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	a dye		solid property	tree rules
2	wherea	present	a dye not said here	a pigment		tree rules
3	is a	present		a solid gas		tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A dye dissolves and is absorbed, whereas a pigment is insoluble and remains on the surface

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 dye	det
2	dye	dye	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dissolves	nsubj
3	dissolves	dissolve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 absorbed	cc
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 absorbed	aux:pass
6	absorbed	absorb	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 dissolves	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 whereas	punct
8	whereas	wherea	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 dissolves	conj
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 pigment	det
10	pigment	pigment	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 insoluble	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 insoluble	cop
12	insoluble	insoluble	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 whereas	obj
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 remains	cc
14	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 dissolves	conj
15	on	on	ADP	_	17 surface	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 surface	det
17	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 remains	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	dissolve	present	a dye			vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	absorb	present · passive	a dye not said here			vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»
3	wherea	present	a dye not said here			tree rules
4	is a	present	a pigment	insoluble		tree rules
5	remain	present	a dye not said here		the surface	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on surface=Location

Option 3

A dye is invariably natural, whereas a pigment is invariably synthetic

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 dye	det
2	dye	dye	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 natural	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 natural	cop
4	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	5 natural	advmod
5	natural	natural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 whereas	punct
7	whereas	wherea	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 natural	conj
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 pigment	det
9	pigment	pigment	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 whereas	obj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 synthetic	cop
11	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	12 synthetic	advmod
12	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 natural	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	a dye		invariably, natural property	tree rules
2	wherea	present	a dye not said here	a pigment		tree rules
3	is	present	a dye not said here		invariably, synthetic property	tree rules

Option 4

There exists no distinction between them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 exists	expl
2	exists	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 distinction	det
4	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 exists	obj
5	between	between	ADP	_	6 them	case
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 distinction	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exist	present		no distinction		there		between them = they	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/27-dyes-inks-colouring/e1/