Exam question 1 · Water: the most amazing liquid

Identify the principal reason for which ice floats upon liquid water.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, ice · What happens: identify, float · To what, where: principal reason, liquid water

This is exam question 1 of lesson 34 «Water: the most amazing liquid» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 floats	obl
7	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 floats	nsubj
8	floats	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl
9	upon	upon	ADP	_	11 water	case
10	liquid	liquid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 water	amod
11	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 floats	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	float	present	ice			liquid water		for the principal reason	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon water=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Liquid water exerts a magnetic force on ice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Liquid	liquid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 exerts	nsubj
3	exerts	exert	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 force	det
5	magnetic	magnetic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 force	amod
6	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 exerts	obj
7	on	on	ADP	_	8 ice	case
8	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 force	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exert	present	Liquid water	a magnetic force		ice			vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Theme

Option 2

Ice is composed of a lighter variety of water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 composed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 composed	aux:pass
3	composed	compose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 variety	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 variety	det
6	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 variety	amod
7	variety	variety	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 composed	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 water	case
9	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 variety	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	compose	present · passive		Ice				of a lighter variety of water	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Water expands upon freezing and becomes less dense

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 expands	nsubj
2	expands	expand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	upon	upon	ADP	_	4 freezing	case
4	freezing	freezing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 expands	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 becomes	cc
6	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 expands	conj
7	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 dense	advmod
8	dense	dense	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 becomes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	expand	present	Water					upon freezing	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	become	present	Water not said here					dense property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 4

Ice contains a large proportion of trapped air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 contains	nsubj
2	contains	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 proportion	det
4	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 proportion	amod
5	proportion	proportion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 contains	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 air	case
7	trapped	trap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 air	amod
8	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 proportion	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contain	present	Ice	a large proportion of trapped air					vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot proportion=Theme
2	trap	participle							vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/34-water-amazing-liquid/e1/