Exam question 4 · Olympiad: kitchen chemistry puzzles ★★★

State why tinned pineapple, unlike fresh pineapple, permits a gelatine jelly to set.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: State tinned pineapple · What happens: tin, permit, set · To what, where: gelatine jelly

This is exam question 4 of lesson 36 «Olympiad: kitchen chemistry puzzles ★★★» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pineapple	compound
2	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	1 State	advmod
3	tinned	tin	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 pineapple	amod
4	pineapple	pineapple	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 permits	nsubj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 pineapple	punct
6	unlike	unlike	ADP	_	8 pineapple	case
7	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 pineapple	amod
8	pineapple	pineapple	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pineapple	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 pineapple	punct
10	permits	permit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 jelly	det
12	gelatine	gelatine	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 jelly	compound
13	jelly	jelly	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 permits	obj
14	to	to	PART	_	15 set	mark
15	set	set	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 jelly	acl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 permits	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	tin	participle			vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent
2	permit	present	State tinned pineapple and fresh pineapple	a gelatine jelly	vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jelly=Theme
3	set	to-infinitive	State tinned pineapple and fresh pineapple not said here	a gelatine jelly not said here	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Canning adds extra sugar, which hardens the jelly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Canning	can	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 adds	nsubj
2	adds	add	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	extra	extra	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sugar	amod
4	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 adds	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 hardens	punct
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 hardens	nsubj
7	hardens	harden	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sugar	acl:relcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 jelly	det
9	jelly	jelly	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hardens	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	can	gerund			vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	add speech: assert	present		extra sugar	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Patient
3	harden	present	extra sugar	the jelly	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent jelly=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Heating during canning spoils the substance that cuts gelatine

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heating	heating	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 spoils	nsubj
2	during	during	ADP	_	3 canning	mark
3	canning	can	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Heating	acl
4	spoils	spoil	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 substance	det
6	substance	substance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 spoils	obj
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 cuts	nsubj
8	cuts	cut	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 substance	acl:relcl
9	gelatine	gelatine	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 cuts	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	can	gerund	Heating not said here		vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	spoil	present	Heating	the substance	tree rules
3	cut	present	the substance	gelatine	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset gelatine=Product

Option 3

Tinned fruit contains no water whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tinned	tin	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 fruit	amod
2	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 contains	nsubj
3	contains	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 water	det
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 contains	obj
6	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	3 contains	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tin	participle							vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent
2	contain	present	Tinned fruit	no water				whatsoever property	vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot water=Theme

Option 4

Canning makes the fruit too cold to react

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Canning	can	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 fruit	det
4	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	obj
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 cold	advmod
6	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 makes	xcomp
7	to	to	PART	_	8 react	mark
8	react	react	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 cold	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	can	gerund			vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	make	present	the fruit	cold property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fruit=Product
3	react	to-infinitive			vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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