Test 2 · ★ · Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing

What would happen to a pond in winter if ice sank instead of floating?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ice · What happens: happen, sink, float

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 5 «Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 pond	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 pond	det
6	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happen	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 winter	case
8	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happen	obl
9	if	if	SCONJ	_	11 sank	mark
10	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sank	nsubj
11	sank	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
12	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=SCONJ	14 floating	mark
13	of	of	ADP	_	12 instead	fixed
14	floating	float	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 sank	advcl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would		winter	to a pond	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	sink a condition, not said to happen	past	ice			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	float	gerund	ice not said here			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

It could freeze from the bottom up, and fish would be in danger

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 freeze	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 freeze	aux
3	freeze	freeze	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 bottom	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bottom	det
6	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 freeze	obl
7	up	up	ADP	_	3 freeze	compound:prt
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 danger	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 danger	cc
10	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 danger	nsubj
11	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 danger	aux
12	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	14 danger	cop
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 danger	case
14	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 freeze	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze up	could	It			the bottom			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	is	would	fish			danger			tree rules

Option 2

Nothing, ponds never freeze

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	ponds	pond	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 freeze	nsubj
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 freeze	advmod
5	freeze	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Nothing	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not freeze	present	ponds						vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The ice would melt at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ice	det
2	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 melt	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 melt	aux
4	melt	melt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 once	case
6	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	4 melt	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	would	the ice						vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

Fish would be much warmer in winter, under a thick blanket of ice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 warmer	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 warmer	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 warmer	cop
4	much	much	ADV	_	5 warmer	advmod
5	warmer	warm	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 winter	case
7	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 warmer	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 blanket	punct
9	under	under	ADP	_	12 blanket	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 blanket	det
11	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 blanket	amod
12	blanket	blanket	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 warmer	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 ice	case
14	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 blanket	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	would	Fish			a thick blanket of ice	winter	warm property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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