Exam question 3 · Mixing and dissolving

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the rate of dissolution of a sugar cube.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern, dissolve · To what, where: response, rate, sugar cube

This is exam question 3 of lesson 6 «Mixing and dissolving» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 rate	det
13	rate	rate	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 dissolution	case
15	dissolution	dissolution	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 rate	nmod
16	of	of	ADP	_	19 cube	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 cube	det
18	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 cube	compound
19	cube	cube	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 dissolution	nmod
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the rate of dissolution of a sugar cube		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus rate=Experiencer
5	dissolve			a sugar cube		nom dissolution «process transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is increased by cooling the water to near freezing and by leaving it entirely undisturbed

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 increased	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 increased	aux:pass
3	increased	increase	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	SCONJ	_	5 cooling	mark
5	cooling	cool	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 increased	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 water	det
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cooling	obj
8	to	to	PART	_	5 cooling	xcomp
9	near	near	ADP	_	10 freezing	case
10	freezing	freezing	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cooling	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 leaving	cc
12	by	by	SCONJ	_	13 leaving	mark
13	leaving	leave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 cooling	conj
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 leaving	obj
15	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	13 leaving	advmod
16	undisturbed	undisturbed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 leaving	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	increase	present · passive	It			vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
2	cool	gerund	the water	freezing		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent water=Patient
3	leave	gerund	water		entirely, undisturbed property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 2

It is invariable whatever the conditions

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 invariable	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 invariable	cop
3	invariable	invariable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 invariable	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 conditions	det
6	conditions	condition	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 whatever	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					invariable property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is increased by heating, by stirring and by reduction of the cube to small grains

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 increased	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 increased	aux:pass
3	increased	increase	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 heating	case
5	heating	heating	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 increased	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 stirring	punct
7	by	by	SCONJ	_	8 stirring	mark
8	stirring	stir	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 increased	advcl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 reduction	cc
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 reduction	case
11	reduction	reduction	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stirring	conj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 cube	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 cube	det
14	cube	cube	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 reduction	nmod
15	to	to	ADP	_	17 grains	case
16	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 grains	amod
17	grains	grain	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 stirring	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	increase	present · passive	heating	It		vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer subject=Patient
2	stir	gerund	heating not said here		to small grains	vn shake-22.3-1-1 «NP V PP ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient to grain=Co-Patient
3	reduce			the cube		nom reduction «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

It is increased by enlarging the cube

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 increased	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 increased	aux:pass
3	increased	increase	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	SCONJ	_	5 enlarging	mark
5	enlarging	enlarge	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 increased	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 cube	det
7	cube	cube	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 enlarging	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	increase	present · passive		It					vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
2	enlarge	gerund		the cube					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent cube=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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