Exam question 2 · Changes you can undo and changes you can't

Identify the principal reason for which the frying of an egg cannot be reversed in the kitchen.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, not reverse, fry · To what, where: principal reason, frying, kitchen, egg

This is exam question 2 of lesson 9 «Changes you can undo and changes you can't» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 reversed	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 frying	det
8	frying	frying	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 reversed	nsubj:pass
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 egg	case
10	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 egg	det
11	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 frying	nmod
12	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 reversed	aux
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 reversed	advmod
14	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	15 reversed	aux:pass
15	reversed	reverse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 kitchen	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 kitchen	det
18	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 reversed	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	not reverse	can · passive		the frying of a egg	the kitchen	for the principal reason	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
3	fry			a egg			nom frying «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The egg has been frozen solid

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 egg	det
2	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 frozen	nsubj:pass
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 frozen	aux
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 frozen	aux:pass
5	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 frozen	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze	present · perfect · passive		the egg				solid property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result

Option 2

The yolk has been converted to metal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 yolk	det
2	yolk	yolk	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 converted	nsubj:pass
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 converted	aux
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 converted	aux:pass
5	converted	convert	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 metal	case
7	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 converted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	convert	present · perfect · passive		the yolk				to metal result	vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Patient to metal=Result

Option 3

The egg has lost its entire mass to the surrounding air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 egg	det
2	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lost	nsubj:pass
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 lost	aux
4	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 mass	nmod:poss
6	entire	entire	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 mass	amod
7	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lost	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	11 air	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 air	det
10	surrounding	surround	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 air	amod
11	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lost	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present · perfect · passive		the egg				to the surrounding air	tree rules
2	surround	gerund							vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The proteins have unfolded and become permanently entangled

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 proteins	det
2	proteins	protein	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 unfolded	nsubj:pass
3	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 unfolded	aux
4	unfolded	unfold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 become	cc
6	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 unfolded	conj
7	permanently	permanently	ADV	_	8 entangled	advmod
8	entangled	entangle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 become	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	unfold	present · perfect · passive	the proteins		vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
2	become	infinitive			tree rules
3	entangle	participle		permanently property	vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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