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Test 11 · Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate

In a game a character greets the emperor with «hāi, bāibāi!». What is off?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: character · What happens: greet · To what, where: emperor, game

This is test 11 of lesson 1 «Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a game a character greets the emperor with «hāi, bāibāi!».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 game	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 game	det
3	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 greets	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 character	det
5	character	character	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 greets	nsubj
6	greets	greet	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 emperor	det
8	emperor	emperor	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 greets	obj
9	with	with	ADP	_	11 hāi	case
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 hāi	punct
11	hāi	hāi	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 greets	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 bāibāi	punct
13	bāibāi	bāibāi	NOUN	Foreign=Yes	11 hāi	appos
14	!	!	PUNCT	_	13 bāibāi	punct
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 bāibāi	punct
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 greets	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	greet speech: greet	present	a character		the emperor	a game		with hāi	vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent emperor=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is off?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 off	cop
3	off	off	ADP	_	1 What	compound:prt
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Nothing, both are formal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	5 formal	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 formal	cop
5	formal	formal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Nothing	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	both					formal property	tree rules

Option 2

bāibāi is the hello for emperors

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	bāibāi	bāibāi	NOUN	Foreign=Yes	4 hello	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hello	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 hello	det
4	hello	hello	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 emperors	case
6	emperors	emperor	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hello	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	bāibāi	the hello				for emperors	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Both are casual English loans, and one of them is goodbye

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	5 loans	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 loans	cop
3	casual	casual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 loans	amod
4	English	English	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 loans	amod
5	loans	loan	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 goodbye	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 goodbye	cc
8	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 goodbye	nummod
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 them	case
10	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 one	nmod
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 goodbye	cop
12	goodbye	goodbye	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 loans	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Both	casual English loans and one goodbye					tree rules
2	is a	present	Both not said here	one goodbye					tree rules

Option 4

hāi means «long live»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	hāi	hāi	X	Foreign=Yes	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 live	punct
4	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 live	advmod
5	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 means	ccomp
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 live	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	hāi						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	live in a quote	infinitive						long property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chinese-street/1-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate/t11/